TITLE:
Epidemiological and Prognostic Aspects of Anemia during Heart Failure in Brazzaville (The Republic of the Congo)
AUTHORS:
Stéphane Méo Ikama, Joffode Mobet Memougame, Thibaut Oko, Jospin Jospin Makani, Lydie Ocini Ngolet, Bijou Moualengue, Eric Gibrel Kimbally Kaky, Thibaut Gankama, Suzy Gisèle Kimbally Kaky
KEYWORDS:
Anemia, Heart Failure, Frequency, Prognosis, The Republic of the Congo
JOURNAL NAME:
World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases,
Vol.13 No.7,
July
20,
2023
ABSTRACT: To improve the management of patients with heart
failure and anemia at the University Hospital of Brazzaville, a cross-sectional study of patients diagnosed with heart
failure condition (left or global heart failure) was conducted over a period of
nine months from January 1 to September 30, 2017. A total of 171 patients were
included during the study period. Study participants were divided into two groups:
Group A included patients with an additional anemic condition (n = 57) and Group
NA patients without anemia (n = 114). Anemia was defined as a hemoglobin rate of to the Department of Cardiology were included in the
study. The frequency of anemia was 33.3%, with a mean hemoglobin level of 9.4 ±
1.5 g/dL. Men accounted for 46.9% of cases (n = 79) and women 53.8% (n = 92).
The mean age of eligible patients was 57.5 ± 16.5 years. Of these, 46.2% (n =
75) had a secondary educational level and 53.8% (n = 92) had a low socioeconomic status. Heart failure was global
in 153 cases (89.5%). Patients were on NYHA III-IV functional class in 112
cases (65.5%), with a statistically significant difference between anemic and
non-anemic patients (p = 0.0001). The main underlying heart diseases were
dilated cardiomyopathy (75.1%), hypertensive heart disease (10.5%), ischemic
heart disease (6.5%), and valvular disease (4.7%). The comparison between the two
groups (A and NA) showed a longer hospital length of stay (18.4 ± 8.9 versus
12.9 ± 7.6 days; p = 0.00001) and a higher mortality rate (4 versus 2 deaths). The re-hospitalization rate was more important in group A (n = 4) than in group
NA (n = 1). Anemia is a common condition in patients with heart failure. It
worsens the clinical features and prognosis.