TITLE:
Overweight and Fasting Hyperglycemia in Children Born Preterm in a Resource-Limited Country (Cameroon)
AUTHORS:
Mah Evelyn Mungyeh, Ngwanou Dany Hermann, Ngo Um Sap Suzanne, Maguip Linda, Chelo David, Temgoua Ngou Mazou, Zantia Gides, Chiabi Andréas, Angwafo III Fru Forbushi
KEYWORDS:
Overweight, Diabetes, Prematurity, Low-Income Country
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Pediatrics,
Vol.10 No.4,
December
4,
2020
ABSTRACT: Introduction: The survival of more preterm babies through improved management
techniques may imply an increased risk of non-communicable diseases including
obesity, diabetes and other
cardiovascular risk diseases with age. The prevalence of these diseases varies
worldwide. The main objective of this study was to determine the rates and
factors associated with overweight and diabetes in children born preterm at the
Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital. Methodology: We
conducted a retrospective cohort study including children aged 6 to 11 years.
Data were collected from the records of premature and full-term infants
hospitalized from January 1, 2008 to
December 31, 2013. Patients were evaluated during outpatient consultation,
where height, weight, Body mass index and blood pressure were measured together with fasting capillary blood glucose
levels. The Fisher test
and the Chi-square test
were used to compare proportions. Relative risk (RR) was used to establish the
relationship between the different variables. Results: We enrolled 125
children born preterm and 250 born at full-term. The mean age was 8.2 ± 1.6
years. The cumulative incidence of pathologies varied according to type:
Overweight 32% in preterm versus 13.6% in full-term (p = 0.00002) and 2.4% with obesity, fasting hyperglycemia 73.20% in
preterm versus 48% in full-term (p However, there was a
positive correlation between obesity and high blood pressure (r = 1.14, p = 0.000002). Conclusion: Overweight was more common in children
born preterm than those born full-term.
No cases of diabetes were found but there was a significant incidence of
pre-diabetic state.