TITLE:
Breakdown of Kidney and Ureteral Stones Using Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy in Zakho City
AUTHORS:
Shamoo K. Al-Hakary
KEYWORDS:
Shockwave Lithotripsy, Kidney and Ureteral Stones, Stone Size, Stone Composition, Adults, Elderly, Patient Ages
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Modern Physics,
Vol.6 No.7,
June
11,
2015
ABSTRACT: In the present
study, investigation of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in Zakho City for
breakdown kidney and ureteral stones has been carried out. The data were
collected from the center of breakdown kidney stones in Zakho hospital. A total
of 34 patients (25 male and 9 female) of ages ranged from 20 - 60 years were
treated with ESWL. The patient harboring 24 renal stones and 10 ureteral stones
of size ranged from 7 to 23 mm of almost patients are 8 mm and composed of
calcium oxalate. The study has been conducted taking in to consideration the
parameters (type, sizes, composition and location of stone as well as region
and ages of patients, also power, number of shock wave and session). The
results show that the number of shock wave decreases nearly exponentially with the
ages of patients for calcium oxalate stone of size 8 mm under constant power 4 watt
while it tends to increase according to increasing stones size for the patients
of ages 20 - 30 years. The size of calcium oxalate stones decreases nearly
exponentially with the patients’ ages for workers in Zakho city. Also for same
size 8 mm of (calcium, phosphate, and oxalate) stones and different regions of
zakho city, the number of shock waves decreases according to increasing ages of
patients. Contrary to that for certain size of stones 8 mm, the number of shock
wave starts to increase from uric acid to maximum value for calcium oxalate
stone for the adult patients of age’s 22 up to 30 years. However for elders
ages 30 - 60 years and different regions, the size of renal and ureteric stones
increases from the minimum value for calcium, phosphate, oxalate to maximum
value for calcium oxalate stone only. Uric acid stone requires minimum power to
break, while the calcium oxalate needs maximum power to fragment due to its
hardness composition. Later number of session of shock wave required for
crushing each stones size increases according to increasing its size while its
variation due to enhancing patients ages for calcium oxalate of size 8 mm
results in nearly a decreasing exponential behavior.