Strengthen the Legal Awareness and Legal Education of Medical College Interns from Various Angles ()
1. Current Situation of Legal Awareness of Medical Interns
At present, the curriculum design and internship plan of medical college students mainly stay in the level of professional knowledge education. Traditional teaching concepts have not been timely transformed into targeted education under the rule of law in the new era. In particular, there is a lack of systematic study of relevant laws among medical school interns. Causing medical college interns to break the law because they do not understand the law and cannot protect themselves according to law, At present, there are some problems in legal education and legal consciousness of medical interns.
1.1. Legal Education of Medical Interns Is Not Valued
In the legal education of medical interns, most of them acquire some superficial legal knowledge in the classroom and mobile phone network during school. Among them, the legal education in major medical colleges is more traditional ideological and political theory teaching form. Some teachers in medical colleges reported that they did not know how to teach the legal part of ideological and political courses, and they simply ignored it because they found it difficult to teach. Therefore, the legal part of ideological and political courses is weakened by relevant teachers in the teaching process. Most of them read and recite according to the book. Because they are not legal teachers and do not have relevant systematic professional legal knowledge, it is normal that the most basic cases cannot be analyzed and answered thoroughly. But as a medical college can delay students like this? In the long run, when can the legal consciousness of medical students be perfected? When can faith in law be established? This is clearly a far cry from our educational purpose. Legal education in medical colleges and universities is the main contact place of legal education for medical interns. If the main battlefield is wrong, the understanding of legal knowledge of medical interns is really very worrying!
1.2. Medical Interns Lack of Legal Awareness of Self-Protection
At present, most medical interns still suffer from various kinds of medical errors or disputes between doctors and patients, due to their shyness and lack of legal knowledge, they cannot protect their relevant evidence and themselves according to law. This is mainly because medical interns have weak or completely unconscious awareness of legal responsibility and certificate retention and do not know how to protect themselves by law. In recent years, a survey of medical interns in our department shows that more than half of medical interns are not fully aware of the awareness of legal protection of their rights, which results in their incorrect attitude towards such subjects and unsatisfactory learning results. For example, many medical interns fail to realize that the modern doctor-patient relationship is a contractual relationship in which doctors and patients are the service providers and the served. In medical treatment, the respect for patients and the protection of patients’ rights and interests should be put in the first place. The rigid and ancient traditional concepts of “taking medical personnel as the center” and “oneself is the most authoritative” are still maintained. Some medical interns do not understand the importance of standardized practice and practicing medicine according to law. They do not realize that being a doctor is a highly responsible and risky profession. They don’t know the rigor of work and the regulation of law. Therefore, medical interns will have doctor-patient disputes due to careless work or non-standard operation in practice and medicine. In this case, medical interns are in a passive situation. Through the above analysis, it is also found that most medical interns become the first choice to protect themselves by force when their own interests conflict, rather than defend themselves by law (Liu, 2014) . These clearly show that there is a great lack of legal ability of medical interns.
1.3. Lack of Legal Knowledge of Medical Interns Leads to Involuntary Illegal Behavior
There are a lot of problems that arise among medical trainees in addition to the above two areas there are also a lot of senseless violations. First, although some medical interns have a superficial understanding of legal knowledge, they cannot connect the application. For example, a hypothetical case was asked of medical interns when they were admitted to the department. Part of the statistical results reflected that many medical interns chose to put their personal feelings above the law at the first moment when there was a conflict between law and emotion. For example, when some acquaintances of medical interns need to issue sick leave notes, some medical interns do not understand to issue sick leave notes, which have certain legal effects, so they imitate the handwriting of their teachers to issue sick leave notes for patients or extend the sick leave time. Second, they treat the law and morality differently. When the two are connected, some medical interns are more inclined to morality, believing that morality is more restrictive than law. For example, due to moral constraints, some medical interns feel that patients are vulnerable groups and need to tamper with their medical records to increase the insurance reimbursement ratio, so they have to bear corresponding legal responsibilities after unconsciously tampering. Meanwhile, some medical interns are still confused and confused about their unconscious behavior touching the law.
2. Measures of Legal Training and Consciousness Education for Medical Interns
In our legal education system for medical interns, we mainly promote young college students to think by the rule of law in their study and life from four aspects: cognition, input, form and content, and examination, and cultivate legal thinking mode. It’s an upward spiral, Medical school interns from the preliminary understanding to master the relevant knowledge, and then further understand the use of legal methods, using legal methods to think, analyze and solve the problems encountered in study and life, realize the transformation of legal thinking, and then organize the corresponding legal practice in the process of internship, through this system to enable college students to grow in the rich legal practice activities. The legal thinking mode is gradually mature, which also requires the legal education system of medical college interns to require various legal teaching activities of different modes, and finally make the legal thinking of young college students become a kind of habitual thinking, which is constantly practiced in daily life (Liu, 2009) . Therefore, we propose to construct the legal education system of medical college interns from the following four aspects.
2.1. The Legal System Construction of Medical College Interns Should Be Based on Cognition
Medical students’ outlook on life and values is still in the process of shaping, especially when they enter the school. Only by establishing a correct cognition of legal thinking can medical students learn and master legal knowledge from knowledge, faith and practice. Only in this way can we have a good basis for teaching objects, but how to transform knowledge into cognition and practice it is the focus of our research on legal education system for medical college interns (Wang, 2009) . The legal literacy of medical students, especially the acquisition of legal knowledge, mostly comes from school, partly under the influence of their own family environment, the cognition of classmates and friends, and the external media publicity. Some medical students’ legal literacy has its own positive learning side, but also has the influence of external environment. The legal education system of medical college interns is a reasonable integration of it. In the process of learning legal knowledge, college students can improve their cognition, sublimate their behavioral norms, and abide by the law in practice (Yu, 2018) .
2.2. Increase the Investment in Legal System Education Resources for Medical College Interns
The survey shows that the overall return on investment in education is relatively rising. If the legal education system of medical college interns is supplemented accordingly and more dimensions of legal education are added to build the “overpass” of legal education, it is necessary to increase the investment in a series of educational resources such as finance and teachers. In particular, both the school and the hospital are responsible for the internship of medical college interns. Whether the leaders attach importance to it and whether the legal education is implemented into the top person is responsible for it determines whether the legal education of medical college interns is successful or not. We should have qualified legal education teachers, practice units should have professional legal education teacher training, especially in the process of the legal system of our social progress, the new laws and regulations need teachers to constantly update their knowledge reserves, so medical college interns should try to be teachers with legal education foundation. In addition, experienced lawyers and judges can be hired to give lectures to help young college students understand the law through practical examples. Colleges and universities also need to increase the investment in legal education funds. The application of funds should start from the change of legal environment on campus, such as the publicity board of law popularization, etc., followed by the establishment of teaching places. Legal education activities can be carried out in various forms and modes. For the public legal service system and the construction of the legal society to provide their own wisdom, to rule by law the most solid foundation.
2.3. Adopt a Multi-Angle and Multi-Mode Education Model in Different Forms and Contents of Practicing Hospitals
Teaching hospital plays an irreplaceable role in the clinical practice of medical students. First of all, it should be made clear that medical interns are the main body of legal study, college students are the leading role, and teaching teachers are an educational service role. Clinical teaching activities guided by teachers should be transformed from traditional listening, memorizing, doing problems, etc., to developed teaching methods. Teaching cases of down-to-earth and doctor-patient identity transformation close to the real society should be used to stimulate the legal thinking ability of medical interns (Wang, 2019) . Teachers should not only strengthen their legal knowledge learning, but also apply law to teaching. They should inform how to show legal knowledge to protect themselves in clinical practice, instead of unconsciously touching the law in ignorance or personal feelings, and guide medical interns to apply it from multiple perspectives. In short, through the legal practice during the internship, medical students can learn more clinical legal knowledge in the internship hospital, which can be used in the future medical career disputes. In the future, the legal education consciousness will be sublimated and the traditional clinical intern management system will be broken. Organize and study the legal education related to medicine and the specific legal management rules of each department in the hospital.
2.4. Strengthen the Theoretical and Practical Assessment Links, and Unify the Knowledge and Practice of Leda
Medical interns should pay attention to the examination of legal medical professional knowledge and the theoretical study during the internship preparation, and strengthen the guidance of practical teaching in the internship hospital. Only by combining the two can the teaching effect of medical interns reach the best state. Legal knowledge itself has a strong practical position. Therefore, in hospital practice, students should be arranged to go to the medical department to listen to doctor-patient disputes, or medical interns should simulate doctor-patient dispute cases for knowledge assessment and other teaching channels to combine the theory and practice of empathy, so as to form a unified standardization of knowledge and practice. In this way, medical interns can timely and accurately apply their knowledge to similar cases in the future, so as to solve legal problems and doctor-patient disputes in practical work.
3. Summary
The construction of legal awareness and legal education system in medical colleges and universities has a long way to go, and cannot be achieved overnight. Teaching forms and methods can break through traditional legal education teaching models, such as the dilemma of one-sided indoctrination of students by face-to-face teachers in the classroom, and promote the maximum stimulation of the learning interest of medical students (He, 2019) .
4. Evaluation
Various case based training lectures can be conducted, and renowned legal experts can be invited to give lectures, so that medical interns can perceive real legal work (Kuang et al., 2017) . At the same time, a diversified evaluation system that combines social practice should be integrated into higher medical education, so that legal education can meet the needs of comprehensive development of medical students and the construction of harmonious social development (Yan, 2013) . And it is necessary to closely integrate with China’s legal ideology, keep up with the times, and ensure that medical students can fully understand and practice the rule of law (Bian & Zhang, 2019) .