Research on the Integration Path of Local Music Culture and Music Education in Local Colleges and Universities—Taking Baoding College as an Example ()
1. Introduction
Excellent traditional culture is the foundation of the inheritance and development of a country and a nation. Music education is a part of education. Education and culture complement each other. We must fully realize the importance of local music culture in cultivating young people to have a deep understanding of national culture. Taking local music culture as the main content of music education allows students to further understand the music style, music form and music culture background stories of local ethnic groups through the study of local music courses, stimulate students’ interest and enthusiasm in local music learning, and improve the effect of classroom teaching. In the future, it will better serve local basic music education and cultivate local music talents.
2. The Important Role of the Integration of Local Music Culture in Music Education in Local Colleges and Universities
The local music culture exudes the unique local cultural atmosphere, condenses the artistic wisdom and spiritual thinking of the local people, reflects the local people’s ideological conditions and labor life, and reflects the local people’s yearning for a better life and pursuit of ideals and beliefs. It has been accumulated for a long time and has been recognized and spread in people’s lives. The local music culture covers various genres of traditional music. Baoding local music such as: folk songs, old tunes, blowing songs, dry boats, concerts, etc., shows the charm of local music culture through practical activities such as music appreciation, performance, and creation. Local music culture has a long history. In the current music teaching, in order to better promote the development of local music education, under the integration and collision of Chinese and Western cultural elements, it is necessary to strengthen the cognition of local music culture. For a long time, local music culture has been in a weak position and has been integrated into college music education courses to expand students’ horizons, so as to better accept and absorb local music.
Integrating local music culture into music education in colleges and universities can, on the one hand, inherit traditional music culture, cultivate students’ interest in learning traditional music culture, stimulate students’ learning motivation, enhance national self-confidence and pride, and help students understand the soil and roots of music from sensibility. On the other hand, it enriches the content of music education courses in colleges and universities, and enables traditional music culture to be developed and innovated in combination with the times, becoming a carrier for national culture to be passed on from generation to generation. Therefore, the integration of local music culture into music education in local colleges and universities plays an important role.
3. The Important Role of Music Education in Colleges and Universities in Promoting the Development of Local Music Culture
Due to the impact of modern multimedia and changes in entertainment methods, local music has encountered unprecedented problems. How to make local music passed on from generation to generation, and colleges and universities have become the most important places to spread local culture. There are reserves and young forces of the country here. Integrating local music courses in college music education is the most important and powerful means.
First of all, the music education curriculum in colleges and universities can systematically incorporate local music elements, grasp the core and foundation of local music culture, enable students to deepen their in-depth understanding of local music culture in the classroom, and actively promote local culture; secondly, in the teaching process of music education in colleges and universities, strengthen the contrast and exchange between local music culture and other music cultures (pop music, foreign music), so as to put forward innovative and reform opinions, so that local music culture can be developed and inherited with the progress of the times. Confucius said: “Those who know are not as good as those who know, and those who are good are not as good as those who know music.” When students accept local music emotionally, love local music emotionally, and have a correct rational understanding, they will consciously work hard and contribute to the preservation, development and innovation of local music (Gong, 2000).
4. Baoding’s Colorful Local Music Culture
Local music has always been an indispensable part of the spiritual life of the masses. In the historical development of Baoding for thousands of years, a traditional music culture system with local characteristics has gradually formed. From the musical genre, it can be roughly divided into folk songs, instrumental music, songs and dances, concerts, etc. There are also religious music, such as Dingzhou Hua Zhang Meng Taoist music. Baoding’s traditional folk instrumental music is divided into advocacy music, percussion music, gongs and drums and silk bamboo music. Advocacy music is commonly known as “advocacy class”, “singing club”, “concert” and “drum music class” in the folk, and it is more commonly called “percussion class”. There are also “South Music Club”, and “Concert” is also called “North Music Club”.
Advocacy music is the main type of folk instrumental music in Baoding, and is mostly used in folk wedding and funeral celebrations and traditional festival activities. Advocacy music is represented by Dingzhou, Xushui, and Gaobeidian. Such as Dingzhou’s sub-position singing, Xu Shui’s Leap Forward singing party, Gaobeidian South Tiger Ben Yi Village South Music Club, etc. Advocacy music is mainly played by pipes, and the repertoire is mainly short cards and folk songs, such as “Release Donkeys”, “Dating Dates”, “Xiao Erfan”, “Huang Yinger”, “One Flower”, “Jade Furong”, “Jasmine Flower”, “Kite Flying”, “Send a Lover”, etc. Percussion music is generally called Noise Club (also known as Wu Shifan), and is mainly popular in Yi County, Laishui, Dingxing, Rongcheng, Xiongxian County, and Gaobeidian. Mainly use percussion instruments. There are more than 100 kinds of performance repertoires, mainly including “Zhaojun Out of the Fortress”, “Ten Scenery”, “Dating Dates”, “Small Door”, “Playing Swings”, “Ten Unbusy Children”, “New Water Order”, “Beating Horses”, “Flower Lotus Intersection” and so on. Gongs and drums are widely circulated in urban and rural areas, with a wide variety and rich repertoire. It is folk music for the masses to entertain themselves. The types include big drums, frame drums, row drums, pair drums, fan drums, war drums, waist drums, etc.
There are various types of folk music in Baoding, which have been passed down for a long time and have strong regional characteristics. Some of them have been included in intangible cultural heritage at all levels. For example, Gaoluo Concert in Laishui, Yuejin Song Blowing Club in Xushui Qiaminzhuang, Xiongxian Concert, Yixian Yanzi Ancient Music, Lixian Blowing Music, Anguo Blowing Song, Gaobeidian Blowing Song, Fuping Pingyang Drum, Dingzhou Sub-position Blowing Song, Quyang Blowing Song, Anxin Huantou Village Concert, Yixian Nanle Club, Yixian Pickup Fan Club, Yixian Jinhua Holy Meeting, Yixian Xiling Buddhist Church, Dingzhou Flower Zhangmeng Taoist Music, etc. There is also the most famous local opera in Baoding, Baoding old tune，Baoding old tune is one of the local operas with a long history in Hebei Province, and it is also a unique local opera vocal opera type in Baoding. In the early days, the old tune business was mainly based on Sheng and Jing, and the two lines of Sheng and Jing were divided into branches. They sang the old tune together, so it was called the old tune. In order to distinguish it from Hebei Bangzi, it was named the old tune Bangzi, that is, the old tune opera (Baoding Local Chronicle Compilation Committee, 2017).
5. Current Situation of Music Education in Baoding College
In order to vigorously promote art quality-oriented education courses, improve college students’ art theory, enhance aesthetic concepts, and improve humanistic literacy, the following courses have been offered in the public art education curriculum of Baoding College: “Film and Television Music Appreciation”, “Dance Appreciation”, “Chorus Art”, “Vocal Music Singing” and other courses, the college has not yet established art training courses with local characteristics according to the advantages of educational resources such as discipline construction and geographical location, which is a small shortcoming in public art education.
The School of Music and Dance of Baoding University is a professional discipline of music education. The college currently has four majors: musicology, music education, dance, and art management. The courses offered are all aimed at cultivating professional musical talents and vigorously cultivating musical talents. The courses offered are: “Vocal Music”, “Vocal Music Stage Practice”, “Piano”, “Composition”, “History of Chinese and Foreign Music”, “Art Introduction”, “Folk Music Appreciation”, “Drama Appreciation”, “Dance”, “Dance Creation”, “Opera” “Basic Music Theory”, “Marketing and Planning” and other courses, based on the above courses, Baoding local music courses have not yet been integrated into the music education discipline.
The integration path of local music culture and music education in local colleges and universities In music education in local colleges and universities, emphasis should be placed on the construction of local music education courses and the integrity of the curriculum education system, and local music culture should be regarded as the main content of music education, so that students can further understand the style, form and background stories of local music culture through the study of local music courses, stimulate students’ interest and enthusiasm in local music learning, and improve the effect of classroom teaching. How to integrate local music into college music education can be carried out from the following two aspects:
1) Build a local music culture curriculum system, optimize course content, and pay attention to the improvement of local music culture in the teaching team
First of all, in the curriculum, the college should incorporate local music culture into the music curriculum. Whether it is a theoretical course or a small skill course, it should be integrated into the national folk music curriculum. In the curriculum, increase the proportion of local music culture courses, systematize the curriculum as a whole, and deepen the level of students’ local music culture. Baoding old tune is the most famous local opera in Baoding. The old tune has a broad mass base. It is a tune that the local people often hum orally. It has a certain positive significance for studying the origin, formation and development of local opera, and for studying the history of local ethnic development, culture and art development, and even the customs and human feelings. Inviting old-tune experts to come to the school to teach students old-tune courses not only enriches the music education courses, but also improves students’ awareness and understanding of opera art, and enhances students’ awareness and love for local music culture.
Secondly, strengthen the promotion of the local music cultural literacy of the teachers, and strengthen the understanding of the local music culture through extensive participation in exchange meetings, in-depth local collection, participation in folk activities, observation and study, such as folk opera, singing and dancing, concerts, musical instruments, etc. And the overall grasp. And folk songs, dances and concert instruments will be integrated into the curriculum, or folk artists will teach orally in the classroom.
2) Teachers formulate teaching goals, plan teaching content, and actively explore innovative teaching models Music education is ultimately human education.
From the perspective of values, music education is of great significance in cultivating students’ values. Integrating local music into classroom teaching, we must always take the cultivation of students’ values as the primary goal of teaching. First of all, from the perspective of the cultivation of patriotic values, integrating local music into teaching allows students to understand the traditional excellent music culture of our country, which can enhance students’ cultural self-confidence. For example, Baoding’s old-fashioned representative track “Loyalty for a Long Autumn” tells the story of the loyal minister who was wronged for more than ten years during the reign of Song Renzong and finally rehabilitated Zhaoxue. In addition, in terms of local music teaching, it is necessary to choose teaching content that actively reflects the positive and healthy health of the local people. Secondly, from the perspective of collectivist spiritual cultivation, teachers can adapt local folk music resources. For example, folk songs can be adapted into small choruses and divided into different parts, so that students can actively participate in the chorus. In May 2012, the vocal teacher of the School of Music and Dance of Baoding University created and adapted the Baoding folk song “The Ballad of the Cow”, and won the first prize in the art exhibition of college students in Hebei Province. Such teaching activities can not only exercise students’ chorus skills, but also improve students’ interest. Finally, from the perspective of cultivating students’ aesthetic values, Baoding local music is widely used in the practice of appreciation, performance, creation and other practices in classroom teaching, so that students can feel the charm of local folk music through these practices, and improve students’ awareness of beauty, Feel beauty, experience beauty, and create beauty ability.
From the perspective of innovation ability, actively exploring the teaching mode is conducive to the inheritance and development of folk music in Baoding. Teachers should have innovative ability. On the premise of taking local music as the teaching content, it is necessary to carry out innovative design of music classroom teaching, so that local music can be presented in colorful forms and reflect the interest of folk music. For example, students of national instrumental music and vocal music students are formed into an advocacy band, and pipes are the main instruments, and the repertoire is mainly folk songs, such as rehearsals of “Jasmine”, “Flying a Kite”, “Sending a Lover” and other tracks. Secondly, from the perspective of students’ innovative ability, teachers need to use diversified methods to cultivate students’ innovative ability in the teaching process, such as writing lyrics, melody adaptation, stage performances, etc. through the study of folk music, such as rehearsed “Jasmine”, “Flying a Kite”, “Send a Lover” and other tracks, allowing students to properly adapt the lyrics and melodies, so that the knowledge and skills learned by students can be widely applied to innovative practice (Wang, 2021).
6. Conclusion
Local music culture is the symbol and spiritual embodiment of my country’s regional culture. Colleges and universities are the cradle of cultivating music talents. The integration of local music culture and music education in colleges and universities has a huge role in promoting the inheritance and development of local music culture. At the same time, it will also promote the Chinese nation’s excellent music culture. The long river of history continues to move forward.