Author(s)

Aneth Ochoa-Negrete¹, Rene Rangel¹, Marcus Antonius Ynalvez², Ruby A. Ynalvez^1*

¹Department of Biology and Chemistry, Texas A&M International University, Laredo, TX, USA.
²Department of Social Sciences, Texas A&M International University, Laredo, TX, USA.

This study aimed to compare the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities of A. rigidula extracts. It also aimed to identify phenolic acids present in the extracts. The 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and ferric thiocyanate lipid peroxidation antioxidant assays were performed. High performance liquid chromatography was used to identify phenolic acids. There was no solvent effect on TPC nor on scavenging activities, and inhibition of lipid peroxidation (p > 0.05) among solvent extracts. On the other hand, 1:1:3 water: acetone: methanol extract (10.22 mg GAE/g sample) had significantly higher reducing potential than 50% ethanol extract (EE) (9.259 mg GAE/g sample) (p < 0.05); but EE was not significantly different from 80% methanol extract (9.781 mg GAE/g sample) (p > 0.05). Phenolic fraction designated as fraction 4 had the highest antioxidant activity (p < 0.05) with 69.49% ABTS scavenging activity and FRAP reducing potential, 22.26 mg of GAE/g sample. DPPH scavenging activities of fractions 4 (55.59%) and 5 (55.64%) were significantly higher than the other fractions (p < 0.05). A. rigidula extracts contain gallic, caffeic, vanillic, p-coumaric, salicylic acids and vanillin.

Acacia, Plant Extract, Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic Acid, HPLC, Gallic Acid

Ochoa-Negrete, A. , Rangel, R. , Ynalvez, M. and Ynalvez, R. (2024) Antioxidant Activity and Phytochemical Screening in Acacia rigidula Benth. Leaves. Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology, 15, 15-38. doi: 10.4236/abb.2024.151002.