Author(s)

Pranav Pancham^1,2, Divya Jindal¹, Archita Gupta^3,4, Deepshikha Yadav^5,6,7, Shriya Agarwal⁸, Saurabh Jha⁹, Manisha Singh^1*

¹Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology (JIIT), Noida, India.
²Neuroimmunology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, Australia.
³Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, India.
⁴Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur, Kanpur, India.
⁵Bhartiya Nirdeshak Dravya Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi, India.
⁶Physico-Mechanical Metrology Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi, India.
⁷Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.
⁸School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
⁹Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India.

Recognizing the composition and modulation of the microbiome, a viable therapeutic tool for multi-targeted therapy is a new strategy that has recently been explored. Glucosamine (GS) is being studied for its prebiotic potential in addition to being the most abundant and naturally occurring amino monosaccharide. The current study focuses on glucosamine’s prebiotic potential by assessing the stability of various GS concentrations (1% - 5%) in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and its ability to be fermented by the gut microbiota. The results showed that GS stimulated the most growth in L. acidophilus even after a longer incubation time than B. bifidum and L. acidophilus growth was concentration-dependent, with maximum growth at 3% with a simultaneous decrease in pH (5.6 - 1.7). The decrease in GS concentration with time also represented the growth of bacterial species, demonstrating the species’ utilization of GS. Furthermore, at 3%, GS also represented the prebiotic index of 1.9. In addition, the concentration of GS in various simulated GIT fluids was estimated in both fast and fed conditions to examine GS stability at various levels in the gut. The results showed that GS remained unaffected and non-digestible in all of the simulated GIT fluids (salivary, gastric, intestinal, and colonic), but there was a slight decrease in GS concentration (2.8%) in the fasted state of gastric fluid due to low pH levels (1.6). As a result, the findings are conclusive and suggest that GS possesses prebiotic properties.

Microbiome, Enteric Nervous System (ENS), Prebiotic Index, Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway (HBP), Vagal Afferents, Phosphotransferase System

Pancham, P. , Jindal, D. , Gupta, A. , Yadav, D. , Agarwal, S. , Jha, S. and Singh, M. (2023) Analyzing the Prebiotic Potential of Glucosamine for Targeting the Gut Microbiome Health. Food and Nutrition Sciences, 14, 119-134. doi: 10.4236/fns.2023.142009.