Possible Effect of COVID-19 Vaccines on Menstruation in Cape Coast, Ghana, West Africa: Case Series Report - Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

OJOG > Vol.11 No.11, November 2021

Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Volume 11, Issue 11 (November 2021)

ISSN Print: 2160-8792 ISSN Online: 2160-8806

Google-based Impact Factor: 0.37 Citations h5-index & Ranking

Possible Effect of COVID-19 Vaccines on Menstruation in Cape Coast, Ghana, West Africa: Case Series Report ()

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DOI: 10.4236/ojog.2021.1111154 273 Downloads 1,947 Views Citations

Author(s)

Diallo Abdoul Azize^1*, Ekanem Evans², Pinkrah Richard²

Affiliation(s)

¹Department, of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
²University Health Services, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.

ABSTRACT

Covid-19 was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization; it has caused more than 4,697,099 deaths worldwide. Since the discovery of Vaccines, the rate of infections and deaths are declining in countries that were able to conduct mass vaccination, making the vaccines the most effect tool in the fight against Covid-19. However, there is still vaccination skepticism. The side effects of vaccines could fuel more skepticism. There are emerging possible new side effects such as abnormal uterine bleeding post Covid-19 vaccination, for which health care providers and the population should be aware. In this paper, we are reporting three (3) cases of abnormal uterine bleeding which seems to be linked to Covid-19 vaccines. We reported two incidents of heavy menstrual bleeding and one incident of inter-menstrual bleeding which are likely associated with COVID 19 vaccination, even though the causality could not be confirmed. Also both types of vaccines, Messenger RNA and Adenovirus vector could possibly be associated with abnormal uterine bleeding. As research is still ongoing, more knowledge would be available, meanwhile, healthcare providers and the population should be made aware of the new possible side effects of Covid-19 vaccines.

KEYWORDS

Covid-19 Vaccines, Abnormal Uterine Bleeding, Abnormal Menstruation, Cape Coast

Share and Cite:

Azize, D. , Evans, E. and Richard, P. (2021) Possible Effect of COVID-19 Vaccines on Menstruation in Cape Coast, Ghana, West Africa: Case Series Report. Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 11, 1650-1656. doi: 10.4236/ojog.2021.1111154.

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[1]	The effect of COVID-19 vaccination on the menstrual pattern and mental health of the medical students: A mixed-methods study from a low and middle-income …
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[2]	Effects of Covid-19 Vaccines on the Menstrual Cycle: A Cross-Sectional Study.
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[3]	The Effects of Covid-19 Vaccination on Menstruation: Are Women with Underlying Reproductive Health Conditions, Particularly Black Women at a Higher Risk for …
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