Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Study of the Distinction between Oral Lichen Planus and Oral Lichenoid Lesions ()
Author(s)
Takehiro Suzuki1,
Masaaki Suemitsu2,3,
Mitsuko Nakayama3,
Chieko Taguchi4,
Masayuki Ukigaya2,
Chiori Nakamura1,
Yoshikazu Nakayama1,
Hiroshi Yamamoto5,
Kayo Kuyama2,3*
Affiliation(s)
1Nihon University Graduate School Dentistry at Matsudo, Oral Pathology, Chiba, Japan.
2Department of Pathological Diagnosis, Nihon University Hospital at Matsudo, Chiba, Japan.
3Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba, Japan.
4Department of Community Oral Health, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba, Japan.
5Department of Oral Surgery, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba, Japan.
ABSTRACT
Background: Oral potentially malignant disorders, which include oral lichen planus (OLP), are clinical presentations that carry a risk of development to cancer in the oral cavity. Oral lichenoid lesions (OLLs) are also termed interface/lichenoid mucositis. Malignant transformation of them remains controversial, but distinct clinical and histological criteria for how to differentiate OLP from OLLs have not been developed. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to elucidate findings that can allow histopathological differentiation of OLP and OLLs using histomorphological and immunohistochemical analyses. Materials and Methods: Analyses were performed in 10 cases diagnosed with OLP and 9 cases diagnosed with OLLs. Cytokeratin 19 (CK19), Ki-67 and CD3 were used as primary antibodies to detect basal cells, proliferative activity and T-cell distribution, respectively, and Perlecan and COX-2 to evaluate epithelial intracellular arrangements and interstitial distributions of proteoglycans and enzymes. Results: For CK19, positive cells were significantly found in OLLs at both the prominent area and site adjacent to the lesion comparison with those of OLP’s. The number of COX-2 positive cells was significantly higher in spinous and basal layers in OLLs of the prominent area. Additionally, OLLs showed mild to moderate expression for perlecan in the basal to spinous layers and in subepithelial tissue. Conclusion: Almost no basal cells were noted in the prominent area in OLP. COX-2 and perlecan were found in the basal to spinous layers in OLLs. Although there are restrictions, these suggested the possibility of helping to distinguish between OLP and OLLs.
Share and Cite:
Suzuki, T. , Suemitsu, M. , Nakayama, M. , Taguchi, C. , Ukigaya, M. , Nakamura, C. , Nakayama, Y. , Yamamoto, H. and Kuyama, K. (2021) Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Study of the Distinction between Oral Lichen Planus and Oral Lichenoid Lesions.
Open Journal of Stomatology,
11, 91-106. doi:
10.4236/ojst.2021.112008.
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