The total of 35 species of zooplankton organisms were found on the Sarikamish lake, 17 of which were armor, 10 species of cladocers and 8 species of copra. New 7 species of Lecane punctate, Lecane stenosis, Colurella adriatica, Colurella obtusa, Lepadella ehrenbergi were found to be new to Fergana valley (Uzbekistan).
At present, the country pays special attention to the development of fishing industry, increasing the production of fishery network management system, providing the population with quality fish and fish products. The Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated May 1, 2017 “On Measures to Improve the Fisheries Management System”, Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan №719 of September 13, 2017 “On Measures for Complex Integrated Fisheries Development” №845 October 18, 2017 “On Measures for Strengthening the Livelihoods of Livestock Breeding and Fishery Sectors” and other regulatory legal acts related to this activity of a certain level of service [
In the field of hydrobiological investigations scientists of our country A.M. Mukhamediev, E.A. Toshpo’latov, I.M. Mirabdullaev, A.R. Kuzmetov, X.X. Abdinazarov, V.G. Kamilov, M.A. Yuldashov made scientific researches. Research on the taxonomy, distribution, ecological features of the zooplankton organisms on the various ecosystems and the increase in the productivity of fishing waters of the fishing grounds contributes to the implementation of the above mentioned decisions [
According to the rules for the collection of hydrobiological samples, the zooplankton samples are collected in two ways, in particular: 1) samples of quality; 2) quantity samples. To investigate Zooplankton’s organisms, first, the location of the water basin has been determined. Then it was determined at which point water zooplankton organisms were more likely to get water and sample from here. Then, water entrances and outlets were identified in the water basin and observation points were identified. In the study, first of all, the temperature, clarity, pH and oxygen content of water were detected [
There are about 30 natural lakes in the Fergana valley. These differences, such as, their size, depth, chemical composition of water, oxygen content, temperature, and location in the climate zone and so on, are determined by the composition of zooplankton and the number of organisms.
Under the influence of anthropogenic factors, the area is very short, and most of the lakes are filled with water and spring water. The area is also very small, with a range of 1.5 to 3 hectares (For example, Sarikamish, Abdusamat, Tuda, Kolgandarya and others) (
Lake Sarikamish is located in the western part of the Ferghana Valley, one of the largest lakes in the valley, surrounded by the Syrdaryain the north and west, with its shallows in the southern and eastern part. It is located on the left bank of the Syrdarya. The average area of 800 - 900 hectares with an aquifer of 400 - 450 hectares is 3 m, and the maximum depth is 5 m, which is in the group of shallow lakes according to these figures [
In 2012-2018 seasonal quality samples from these zooplankton species have been
obtained. On average, 28 species of zooplankton organisms were identified. The lack of flow is due to the general features of layering the water level from the surface to the bottom, depending on the temperature, gas state and chemical composition [
In contrast to the rheophilic fauna of lakes and other stagnant water bodies, rivers and rivers, lymph nodes are called lamnophils. The zooplankton of the lake is considerably richer with regard to the organisms than rivers and reservoirs [
Favorable conditions for the development of zooplankton organisms are created in the shallow-litoral zone of the well-lit, well-ventilated, lush green vegetation. The number and composition of crustaceans are slightly higher than that of the lake’s pelagial region, with the presence of Ceriodaphnia, Pokyphemus generation from the shoreline and hawthorn formations, as well as the presence of a large number of Chydoridae and Macrothricidae family members, phytophiles Simocephalus vetulus O.F Muller, Sida crystallina and can be found.
In the lake, one of the plankton forms is replaced by the year, with seasonal dynamics of the development of zooplankton organisms. In spring, the number of colovators will increase not only in the annual complex, but also in the warmth of Trichocerca, Synchaeta, Polyartra, Asplanchna, Lecane, Euchlanis, Keratella and other generations. In the summer, a group of horned crustaceans develops well.
Among the most common species are Asplanchnapriodonta, Keratella tropica, Keratella quadrata, Brachionus calyciflorus, Diaphanosoma mongolianum, Bosmina longirostris, Moina micrura, Cyclops vicinus, Lecane punctata, Thermocyclops vermifer and Phyllodiaptomusblanci.
As a result of the Sarikamish lake research, the variation of zooplankton species and their quantitative dynamics for the seasons has been monitored from April to October 2012-2018 years. A total of 35 species of plankton organisms were identified, 17 of which were Rotifera, 10 Cladocera and 8 Sopepoda (
As a whole, the lake is the serum of the zooplankton, and in its summer season its quantitative indicator is 230 - 311 thousand per/m3, and biomass―up to 3.12 - 3.85 g/m3. The maximum development of Zooplankton corresponds to the summer months (
Here is a brief explanation of the representatives of zooplankton organisms that have been identified as a new species for the Ferghana Valley:
Colurellaadriatica (Ehrenberg, 1831) (
№ | Species | Months | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
IV | V | VI | VII | VIII | IX | Х | |||
ROTIFERA | |||||||||
1. | Asplanchna sieboldi | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | |
2. | Filinia longiseta | − | + | + | + | − | − | − | |
3. | Keratella quadrata | + | + | − | − | − | − | + | |
4. | K. cochlearis | − | + | + | + | + | + | − | |
5. | K. tropica | − | + | + | + | + | + | − | |
6. | Brachionus angularis | − | + | + | + | − | + | − | |
7. | B. calyciflorus | − | + | + | + | + | − | − | |
8. | Notholca acuminate | + | − | − | − | − | − | − | |
9. | Lecane luna | − | + | − | + | + | + | − | |
10. | L. bulla | − | + | + | + | − | − | − | |
11. | L. quadridentata | − | + | − | − | − | − | ||
12. | L. decipiens | − | + | + | − | − | − | − | |
13. | Macrochaetusaltamirai | − | − | + | + | − | − | − | |
14. | Euchlanis dilatata | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | |
15. | Lophocharisturanicus | − | + | − | − | − | − | − | |
16. | Polyarthra vulgaris | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | |
17. | Synchaeta sp. | + | − | + | − | + | + | − | |
CLADOCERA | |||||||||
18. | Bosmina longirostris | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | |
19. | Daphnia cf. galeata | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | |
20. | Ceriodaphnia turkestanica | + | + | + | + | + | + | ||
21. | Simocephalus vetulus | + | + | + | − | − | − | + | |
22. | Moina micrura | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | |
23. | Scapholeberis kingi | − | − | + | + | + | + | − | |
24. | Alona rectangular | + | + | + | − | + | + | − | |
25. | Chydorus sphaerius | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | |
26. | Lepadella ehrenbergii Perti* | + | − | − | − | − | + | − | |
27. | Pleuroxus aduncus | + | + | + | + | − | − | + | |
COPEPODA | |||||||||
28. | Eucyclops serrulatus | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | |
29. | Cyclops vicinus | + | − | − | − | − | − | + | |
30. | Megacyclops viridis | + | − | − | − | + | − | − | |
31. | Microcyclops pachyspina | − | + | + | + | + | + | − | |
32. | Thermocyclops vermifer | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | |
33. | T. dybowskii | + | − | − | − | − | − | − |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
34. | Mesocyclops ogunnus | − | + | + | + | + | + | + |
35. | Acanthodiaptomus denticornis | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Total species | 18 | 27 | 26 | 23 | 21 | 21 | 16 | |
Amount of measure (thousand per/m3) | 34 | 111 | 230 | 310 | 197 | 179 | 133 | |
Biomass, g/m3 | 0.34 | 1.99 | 2.66 | 3.12 | 3.85 | 2.99 | 1.08 |
Lecane stenosis (Meisner, 1908) (
Lepadellaehrenbergii (Perti, 1850) (
Lecane punctata (Murray, 1913) (
Lecane punctata (Murray, 1913) (
Colurella obtusa (Gosse, 1886) (
Totally, 35 species of zooplankton organisms were detected in Sarikamish Lake, 17 of which were locomotives, 10 cladocers and 8 cogododes. New 5 species of Lecane punctate, Lecane stenroosi, Colurella adriatica, Colurella obtusa, and Lepadella ehrenbergi were found to be new to Fergana valley.
The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper.
Abdinazarov, X.X., Madumarov, M.J. and Haydarov, S.M. (2019) Zooplankton of Sarikamish Lake (Uzbekistan). Open Access Library Journal, 6: e5288. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1105288