Olson, S.T., Swanson, R., Day, D., Verhamme, I., Kvassman, J. and Shore, J.D. (2001) Resolution of Michaelis complex, acylation, and conformational change steps in the reactions of the serpin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, with tissue plasminogen activator and trypsin. Biochemistry, 40, 11742-11756. doi:10.1021/bi0107290

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Short communication: Supplementing with vitamin E may alter the fibrinolytic capacity of cattle

  AUTHORS: Anthony K. McNeel, Alfred R. Menino Jr.

  KEYWORDS: Bovine; Cystic Ovarian Disease; Retained Placenta; Fibrinolysis

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Animal Sciences, Vol.3 No.2, April 18, 2013

  ABSTRACT: Vitamin E supplementation has been reported to decrease the incidence of cystic ovarian disease (COD) and retained placenta (RP) in cattle however the mechanism of action is not known. In humans, vitamin E supplementation twofold the daily requirements decreases plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activity. As proteolysis may be involved in both COD and RP, vitamin E may be reducing these disorders in cattle through its effects on PAI-1. To evaluate the effects of vitamin E on plasma PAI-1 activity in cattle, six non-lactating beef cows (n = 3 per treatment) were injected with 0 (Control) or 2750 IU of vitamin E (Vitamin E) IM once every four days for 24 days (Day 0 = first day of treatment). Blood samples were collected every two days for 28 days starting on Day 0 and plasma PAI-1 and tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) concentrations and activities were determined. No differences (P > 0.05) were observed due to vitamin E supplementation in plasma PAI-1 and tPA concentrations and activities or concentrations and activities adjusted relative to the Day 0 value for each cow. Day of treatment was a significant effect in all tPA measurements. The ratio of adjusted PAI-1 to tPA concentrations did not differ (P > 0.05) due to vitamin E supplementation however the ratio of PAI-1 to tPA activity tended to be greater (P = 0.097) in Control compared to Vitamin E cows (1.0 ± 0.1 and 0.7 ± 0.1, respectively). These data suggest vitamin E supplementation may contribute to the reduced incidence of COD and RP in cattle by shifting the ratio of plasma PAI-1 to tPA activity to a state favoring proteolysis.