I. Nagata and Y. Okamoto, “Investigation on Ion Binding in Synthetic Polyelectrolyte Solutions Using Rare Earth Metal Fluorescence Probes,” Macromolecules, Vol. 16, No. 5, 1983, pp. 749-753. doi:10.1021/ma00239a009

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Evaluation of the Physicochemical Behavior of Waste Water Treatment Polyelectrolytes with Metal Ions

  AUTHORS: Eduardo A. López Maldonado, Mercedes T. Oropeza Guzmán, Georgina Pina-Luis, Adrián Ochoa-Terán

  KEYWORDS: Polyelectrolytes; Metal Ions; Colloidal Titration; UV-Vis Spectroscopy; O-Toluidine; WastewaterTreatment

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Environmental Protection, Vol.4 No.3, March 19, 2013

  ABSTRACT: In this paper is describing the physicochemical behavior of polyelectrolytes (PEs) used in waste water treatment with mono-, di- and trivalent metal ions as K+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Fe3+, Sn2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Al3+ and Cr3+. A coagulant polyelectrolyte Poly(vinyl sulfate) potassium salt (PVSK), and a commercial available Flocculant Trident 2756, were used as models for the study. The colloidal titration UV-Vis spectroscopy technique was successfully implemented in order to evaluate the complexation of PEs with Toluidine Blue O (OTB) and the ability of different metal ions to displace the OTB from the PE-OTB complex and form the PE-metal ion complex. From the experiments was concluded that PVSK has a high affinity for Al3+ and Mg2+ while the Flocculant has the highest affinity for Sn2+ followed by Zn2+and Mg2+. The absorbance profiles of polyelectrolyte-OTB complex (Absorbance vs. Metal/PE) were used to calculate association constants. On the other hand, the mass balance of OTB and its absorbance profiles were used to calculate the association constants of polyelectrolyte-metal ion complexes. Thus metal ions with the highest affinities have the highest association constant. Metal ions with the highest affinities present the highest values of association constant.