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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Exploring Gender Conformity in a South African Tertiary Institution: A Field Experiment

  AUTHORS: Ryan Evan du Toit, Werner de Klerk, Megan Barnard, Jessica Botha, Tebogo Matlou, Melissa van der Merwe, Arina Visagie, Karel Botha, Ruan Spies, Ingrid Opperman

  KEYWORDS: Conformity, Gender Norms, Observation, Psychology, Field Experiment, South Africa

  JOURNAL NAME: Psychology, Vol.13 No.13, December 6, 2022

  ABSTRACT: This field experiment aimed to answer the following research question: Is there a significant association between gender and conformity in a South African context? The methodological foundations for our research question (within a South African context) were laid by the United States of America field experiment of Carter et al. (2019) and accordingly unobtrusive observation was used to observe male and female conformity. The setting for the field experiment was a cafeteria on campus at a tertiary institution in South Africa. Statistical data analysis revealed a significant association between gender and conformity, with males less conforming and more non-conforming than expected, and females more conforming and less non-conforming than expected. Moreover, a content analysis of observed verbal behavior revealed the following five categories: females expressed anger, females critically questioned gender signs, males expressed amusement at the experience, males casually inquired about gender signs, and finally that groups influence vocal expression. In contrast to international studies, our results show high rates of non-conformity and amusement amongst males and high rates of conformity and anger amongst females.