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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: 2-D DOA Estimation in a Cuboid Array Based on Metaheuristic Algorithms and Maximum Likelihood

  AUTHORS: Gilberto Lopes Filho, Ana Cláudia Barbosa Rezende, Lucas Fiorini Cruz, Flávio Henrique Teles Vieira, Rodrigo Pinto Lemos

  KEYWORDS: Metaheuristic Algorithms, Genetic Algorithm, Firefly Algorithm, DOA Estimation, Maximum Likelihood

  JOURNAL NAME: International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences, Vol.13 No.8, August 31, 2020

  ABSTRACT: This paper proposes to apply the genetic algorithm and the firefly algorithm to enhance the estimation of the direction of arrival (DOA) angle of electromagnetic signals of a smart antenna array. This estimation is essential for beamforming, where the antenna array radiating pattern is steered to provide faster and reliable data transmission with increased coverage. This work proposes using metaheuristics to improve a maximum likelihood DOA estimator for an antenna array arranged in a uniform cuboidal geometry. The DOA estimation performance of the proposed algorithm was compared to that of MUSIC on different two dimensions scenarios. The metaheuristic algorithms present better performance than the well-known MUSIC algorithm.