TITLE:
Cryptococcus and Cryptococcosis in Human and Animal Model: An Overview
AUTHORS:
Eriques Gonçalves da Silva, Diniz Pereira Leite-Jr., Margareth Léa da Silva Maia, Sandra Marilia de Souza Silva, Francisco de Assis Baroni, Marcos Ereno Auler, Amanda Latércia Tranches Dias, Débora Moreira, Rinaldo Ferreira Gandra, Regina Teixeira Barbieri Ramos, André Gasparetto, Elisangela Santana de Oliveira Dantas, Valéria Tognato Costa, Claudete Rodrigues Paula
KEYWORDS:
Cryptocococcus, Cryptococcosis, Animal Model, Cryptococcus neoformans, Cryptococcusgattii, Virulence Related Factors
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Microbiology,
Vol.10 No.4,
April
24,
2020
ABSTRACT: Background: Yeasts from the genus Cryptococcus (species C. neoformans and C. gattii) are opportunistic pathogens that afflict humans with low immunity caused by diseases such as AIDS or by the usage of immunosuppressive drugs. It is a fatal disease that has been studied around the whole world and its most fatal form is the brain cryptococcosis. Purpose: The present review describes the disease from pathogen isolation, the various clinical presentations of the disease, the most important virulence factors of yeast in human and animal model and their clinical issues. Methods: On this review, several published studies about the disease are presented. Results: Numerous researches have been done worldwide in order to find a kind of therapy that is more effective against the disease. Amphotericin B, in all forms is still the drug of choice in the treatment of the cryptococcosis. Fluconazole, as well as voriconazole in combination with amphotericin B, is recommended in the cases of treatment failure. Conclusion: This study presented has elucidated a little more about the disease. Further studies should be conducted to find more diagnoses that are accurate as well as more effective treatments for eradicating the disease. In this study, the bibliographic survey makes reference to the world literature; with regard to ecology, taxonomy, mains factors related to virulence, the clinical manifestations, the action of antifungal drugs and histopathological analysis used in an animal model, were the objectives deleterious aspects of this study, thus informing, in a simple way, the importance of this microorganism for research and researchers working with this global disease, called Cryptococcosis.