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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Conversion of Syringaldehyde to Sinapinic Acid through Knoevenagel-Doebner Condensation

  AUTHORS: Jack van Schijndel, Luiz Alberto Canalle, Jochum Smid, Jan Meuldijk

  KEYWORDS: Ligno-Phytochemicals, Sinapinic Acid, Knoevenagel-Doebner Condensation, 4-Vinylsyringol

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol.6 No.4, October 27, 2016

  ABSTRACT: Sinapinic acid is a widespread compound in vegetable material and is as such common in the human diet. Recently it has drawn attention because of its biological activities. Sinapinic acid can be synthesized from syringaldehyde via the Knoevenagel-Doebner condensation. However this reaction is limited by the formation of 4-vinylsyringol after a second decarboxylation. To gain more detailed information about this reaction and to improve control over the formation of sinapinic acid, the concentration time history of syringaldehyde and the reaction products of this reaction have been monitored over time at different reaction temperatures. The formation of 4-vinylsyringol was found to be inhibited by performing the reaction at temperature below 80°C. This allows the reaction to be optimized for the production of sinapinic acid, with an optimal yield of 78% after 2.5 hours at 70°C.