TITLE:
Infectious Spondylitis-Associated Staphylococcus aureus with Virulence Gene pvl or tst Causes More Necrosis than Apoptosis in Human Alveolar Basal Epithelial Cell Line A549
AUTHORS:
Tsung-Jen Huang, Chi-Han Lee, Meng-Huang Wu, Yen-Yao Li, Tsung Han Yang, Chin-Chang Cheng, Ching-Yu Lee, Chih-Cheng Lu, Chishih Chu
KEYWORDS:
Infectious Spondylitis, Staphylococcus aureus, Virulence Factor, MLST, Necrosis, Apoptosis
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Microbiology,
Vol.6 No.7,
June
15,
2016
ABSTRACT: Methicillin-sensitive and resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA and MRSA, respectively) can cause non-tuberculosis infectious spondylitis. In
43 cases of bacterial infectious spondylitis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and S.
aureus were the two major causative pathogens. MRSA caused more anterior
operations and thoracic infections, while MSSA caused more posterior infections
and lumbar infections. Differences between six S. aureus isolates from infectious spondylitis were characterized.
MLST and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) analysis identified MSSA ST959 and ST30 isolates, MRSA
ST239/SCCmec IIIA isolates 2 and 3, ST59/SCCmec IIIA-like isolate 6, and ST30/SCCmec IV isolate 5. While
all of the isolates were resistant to penicillin and ampicillin, the
MRSA isolates were more resistant than the MSSA isolates. Carbapenem-resistant
MRSA ST239/SCCmec IIIA and ST59/SCCmec IIIA-like isolates of the agr1 type were also resistant to clindamycin and erythromycin. Leukocidin genes (pvl or lukED) and hemolysin
genes (hla, hld and hlg) were present in
all of the isolates. All six isolates caused more necrosis than apoptosis in the
human alveolar basal epithelial
cell line A549; however,
ST59/SCCmec IIIA-like isolate 6,
ST30/ SCCmec IV isolate 5 with pvl genes, and MSSA ST30 isolates with tst caused greater than 40% cell death
after the 4-h incubation. Regardless of the MRSA isolate and its SCCmec type or the MSSA isolate, the infectious spondylitis-associated S. aureus isolates differed genetically, and the pvl and tst genes may be important genes
for cell necrosis.