TITLE:
Percutaneous Coronary Interventional Treatment for Coronary Artery Disease and the Role of Antiplaplatelets Therapy: A Review of the Literature
AUTHORS:
Mostafa Al Shamiri, Abdulelah F. Al Mobeirek, Hanan Albackr, Turki B. Albacker
KEYWORDS:
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; Coronary Artery Disease; Antiplatelets; Coronary Stents; Drug Eluting Stents; Bare Metal Stents
JOURNAL NAME:
International Journal of Clinical Medicine,
Vol.5 No.5,
March
21,
2014
ABSTRACT:
Uses of balloon
catheters or BMS for the treatment of coronary artery lesions shows good short-term results but long-term follow up revealed restenosis in up to 20%-30% of
patients. Thus new improvements to balloons and stents are always necessary to
achieve the best results from percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Drug-eluting stents (DES) improved the principles of bare metal stents (BMS) by
local drug release to inhibit neointimal growth. DES reduced the incidence of
in-stent restenosis. These benefits and lower costs compared to surgical
treatment make the DES an attractive alternative for the treatment of coronary
artery disease. Different components of DES which include the polymers, drugs
and the stents underwent progressive evolution, and these led to development of
new generations of DES with variable types of drugs and polymers to fully
absorbable stents. The concern of stent thrombosis still an issue and dual
antiplatlets therapy (DAPT) is mandatory for variable time ranging from one
month to one year. This article discusses the main available clinical trials in
the developments of BMS, DES and the comparison between both with a prospective
look at future technologies in the field, in addition to reviewing the current
guideline in the uses of DAPT after PCI.