TITLE:
Antibacterial Properties of Methanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Some Plants against Some Enterobacteriaceae Species
AUTHORS:
Sana Eltayeb Mahjoob Hamed, Hatil Hashim EL-Kamali
KEYWORDS:
Antibacterial Activity, Medicinal Plants, Clinical Isolates and Standard Pathogenic Bacteria
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Access Library Journal,
Vol.3 No.3,
March
22,
2016
ABSTRACT: The extracts of six medicinal plants namely Terminalia chebula fruits, Commiphora myrrha gum, Solenostemma argel leaves, Rutagraveolens aerial parts, Cistanche phelypaea aerial parts and Striga hermonthica stem used in traditional Sudanese medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal
tract infections were selected to evaluate their potential antibacterial
activity. The antibacterial activity of methanolic and aqueous extracts of
these plants were determined by agar diffusion technique in vitro against 20 clinical isolates (2 were Salmonella typhi, 5 Proteus mirabilis, 4 Escherichia coli, 5 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 3 Staphylococcus aureus, one was Salmonella paratyphi B)
and 5 standard bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923), Bacillus
subtilis (NCTC 8236), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Salmonella
typhi (ATCC1319106) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 35657) at a
concentration of 100 mg/ml. Of all plants methanolic and aqueous extracts of T.
chebula fruits were the most active with clinical isolates and standard
bacterial strains showed relatively high antibacterial activity against most of
the tested microorganisms with the diameter of inhibition zones ranging between
20 and 24 mm, whereas the methanolic extract of Commiphora myrrha showed
high antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia
coli clinical isolate (1Z = 20 mm). Solenostemma argel leaves was
found moderately effective against S. aureus (ATCC 25923 ((1Z = 18 mm)
but did not show any activity against all tested clinical isolates bacteria.
Most susceptible Gram-negative clinical Isolates bacteria were Escherichia coli
and Proteus mirabilis. Most susceptible Gram negative standard bacteria
were Bacillus subtilis (NCTC 8236) and Escherichia coli (ATCC
25922) and least susceptible Gram negative bacterium was Klebsiella
pneumoniae (ATCC35657). In Gram positive standard bacteria, most
susceptible was S. aureus (ATCC 25923). Antibiotics was used as
standards drug for antibacterial assay. The present study reveals potential use
of these plants for developing new antibacterial compounds against gastrointestinal
tract pathogenic microorganisms.