TITLE:
From Micro to Macro: Regulation Up- and Down-Adult Neurogenesis Process
AUTHORS:
A. C. Nunciato, E. L. Meirelles, Patricia Gardino
KEYWORDS:
Adult Neurogenesis; Hippocampus; SVZ; Signaling; Pathway
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science,
Vol.3 No.6,
October
31,
2013
ABSTRACT:
Neurogenesis in the adult brain has been a field of growing
interest. There are two neurogenic niches in the mammalian adult brain:
subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone (SVZ),
producing new neurons that use the rostral migratory stream (RMS) to reach
olfactory bulb (OB). Cells in these two discrete regions retain the capacity to
generate multiple lineages in vitro and in vivo. Thus far, the mechanisms
involved in the regulation of these cells have not been well elucidated, once
the underlying cellular signaling mechanism is not fully understood. The aim of
this work is to collect the most recent papers published in this field to
elucidate the signaling pathways involved in the adult “up” and “down”
neurogenesis. The most cited pathways included directly or indirectly
associations with neurotrophins and transcription factors. This work provides a
schema showing the outline from “macro” to “micro” signaling for neurogenesis
in the SGZ of the hippocampus. It also includes a session linking neurogenesis
to the pathophysiology of mood disorders and stress-related cognitive
dysfunctions. Further characterization of these molecular components could
provide greater insight into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of
neurogenesis in the adult brain.