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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Cellulosic ethanol and its co-products from different substrates, pretreatments, microorganisms and bioprocesses: A review

  AUTHORS: Fabiano Avelino Gonçalves, Eliana J. Sanjinez-Argandona, Gustavo Graciano Fonseca

  KEYWORDS: Cellulosic Ethanol; Pretreatments; Fermentation

  JOURNAL NAME: Natural Science, Vol.5 No.5, May 29, 2013

  ABSTRACT: Cellulosic ethanol involves the following production steps: physical and/or chemical pretreatment, biological treatment, fermentation and distillation. First three steps are also the bottlenecks for the production of cellulosic ethanol and its co-products. Their production still pose some difficulties in terms of pretreatment, the high cost of enzymes for substrate hydrolysis, the formation of inhibitory compounds in the hydrolyzate, the lack of efficient and viable microorganisms for industrial fermentation of hexose and pentose among others. The solution or minimization of these difficulties may lead to numerous socio-environmental, political, and economic advantages for cellulosic ethanol production. This paper highlights the potential of different substrates, pretreatments, microorganisms and bioprocesses for cellulosic ethanol production.