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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: On Elastic Klein Bottle and Fundamental Groups

  AUTHORS: A. E. El-Ahmady

  KEYWORDS: Elastic Klein Bottle; Homotopy Groups; Folding; Retraction; Deformation Retracts

  JOURNAL NAME: Applied Mathematics, Vol.4 No.3, March 21, 2013

  ABSTRACT: The purpose of this paper is to give a combinatorial characterization and also construct representations of the fundamental group of the submanifolds of elastic Klein Bottle by using some geometrical transformations. The homotopy groups of the limit elastic Klein Bottle are presented. The fundamental groups of some types of geodesics in elastic Klein Bottle are discussed. New types of homotopy maps are deduced. Theorems governing this connection are achieved.