TITLE:
Dietary Patterns and Their Association with Depression among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Gaza Strip, Palestine
AUTHORS:
Abdel Hamid el Bilbeisi, Mohammed Srour, Amany el Afifi, Halgord Ali M. Farag, Kurosh Djafarian
KEYWORDS:
Depression, Dietary Patterns, Factor Analysis, Prevalence, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
JOURNAL NAME:
Food and Nutrition Sciences,
Vol.10 No.5,
May
16,
2019
ABSTRACT: Background: Depression is a common mental disorder. Globally, more than 340 million people of all ages suffer from depression. The aim of our study was to determine the association between major dietary patterns and depression among type 2 diabetes patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 480 type 2 diabetes patients attending primary healthcare centers in Gaza Strip, Palestine. The depression, anxiety, stress scales (DASS, 21-items) questionnaire was used to measure the score of depression. The participants’ demographic, socioeconomic and medical history data was collected and the 98-items semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used for evaluating the dietary patterns. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20. Results: Based on depression scale, 29.0% of type 2 diabetes patients had depression, (58.3% females, and 41.7% males). The prevalence of mild, moderate, severe, and very severe depression was 11.7%, 8.5%, 6.7%, and 2.1%, respectively. Furthermore, two major dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis: The Western, and the grains-vegetables, and fruits patterns. After adjusting for the potential confounders, patients in the lowest tertile (T1) of the grains-vegetables, and fruits dietary pattern had a lower odds for depression (OR 0.763 95% CI (0.667 - 0.871), P value = 0.001); where as a higher odds for healthy (OR 1.443 95% CI (1.131 - 1.839), P value = 0.004), compared to those in the highest tertile (T3). Conclusion: The grains-vegetables, and fruits dietary pattern may be associated with a lower prevalence of depression, and has been shown to be the healthiest dietary pattern among type 2 diabetes patients.