TITLE:
Antibacterial Effect of Aqueous Extracts and Bioactive Chemical Compounds of Coffea canephora against Microorganisms Involved in Dental Caries and Periodontal Disease
AUTHORS:
Flávia M. da Silva, Natalia L. P. Iorio, Leandro A. Lobo, Kátia Regina N. dos Santos, Adriana Farah, Lucianne C. Maia, Andréa G. Antonio
KEYWORDS:
Oral Pathogens, Dental Caries, Periodontal Disease, Coffee, Trigonelline, Chorogenic Acid
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Microbiology,
Vol.4 No.14,
October
23,
2014
ABSTRACT: This study aimed to
evaluate the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration
(MBC) of Coffea canephora aqueous extract
(Cc), trigonelline (Tg) and 5-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA) against cariogenic microorganisms: Streptococcus parasanguinis ATCC 903 (SP), Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 9595 (LR); and pathogens
related to periodontal disease: Porphyromonas
gingivalis ATCC 33277 (PG), Fusobacterium
nucleatum ATCC 25586 (FN), Prevotella
intermedia ATCC 49046 (PI) and Prevotella
nigrescens ATCC 33563 (PN). Different concentrations of Cc (0.15625 to 10 mg/mL),
Tg and 5-CQA (0.005 to 10.24 mg/mL) were tested. Chlorhexidine (0.05%) was used
as positive control and the substances without the inoculum comprised the blank
control. The Cc showed bacteriostatic action against SP (MIC = 5 mg/mL) and LR (MIC
= 10 mg/mL). Tg showed bacteriostatic action against SP (MIC = 2.56 to 1.28 mg/mL),
LR (MIC = 2.56 mg/mL), PG (MIC = 2.56 to 1.28 mg/mL), FN (MIC = 5.12 mg/mL), PN
(MIC = 2.56 mg/mL), and PI (MIC = 2.56 to 1.28 mg/mL). Also, Tg showed bactericide
properties against SP (MBC = 2.56 mg/mL), PG (MBC = 2.56 mg/mL), FN (MBC = 10.24
mg/mL), PN (MBC = 5.12 mg/mL), and PI (MBC = 2.56 mg/mL). Although 5-CQA has previously
shown activity against Streptococcus mutans,
in the present study, it showed no activity against all tested microorganisms. C. canephora extract only showed antibacterial activity against cariogenic microorganisms, not
presenting action against periodontal pathogens. It was concluded that trigonelline
presented the best effect against all pathogens tested, therefore coffee extracts
with higher trigonelline content should be tested against these specific pathogens.