Foster, M. and Fell, R. (1999) A Framework for Estimating the Probability of Failure of Embankment Dams by Internal Erosion and Piping Using Event Tree Methods. University of New South Wales, Kensington.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Frequent Breaches in Irrigation Canals in Sindh Pakistan

  AUTHORS: Riaz Bhanbhro, Nadhir Al-Ansari, Sven Knutsson

  KEYWORDS: Canal Breaches; Embankment Failures; Long Term Breach Prediction; Irrigation System Sindh

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Water Resource and Protection, Vol.6 No.4, March 20, 2014

  ABSTRACT: Every year, a number of breach failures occur in Irrigation Canals in Sindh. Those failures cause displacement of thousands of people, destruction of properties, land, and damage to costly crops that worth millions Rupees. In addition to that, breach failures also can cause water shortages when the failure occurs during the peak demand period. There are various causes of embankment failures which include overtopping, internal erosion, structural defects and piping. State of art for breach failures is presented in this paper and suggestions for prediction of breaches in context to canals in Sindh are discussed. Seepage and slope stability analyses are recommended for a long-term breach predictions.