The effect of aerobic training on endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in patients with coronary artery disease who were revascularized and young men

Seyed Masoud Seyedian, Farzaneh Ahmadi, Babak Hamidian, Ebrahim Hajizadeh, Afshin Rezazadeh, Ahmad Reza Asare, Mohammad Hasan Adel, Mohammad Nourizadeh

Atherosclerosis Research Center, Joundishapour University, Ahvaz, Iran;.
Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Joundishapour University, Ahvaz, Iran;.
Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Jundishapur University, Ahvaz, Iran;.
Department of Cardiology, Medical Jundishapur University of Ahvaz, Atherosclerosis Research Center Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

DOI: 10.4236/health.2013.510230                

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of training on endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after revascularization and healthy young men. Background: Impaired endothelial function has been observed in patients with CAD and those with CAD risk factors. Studies have shown that exercise can enhance endothelial function. Methods: This experimental cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with CAD (3 months after CABG and PCI) and students of medical school in 2011. Endothelium dependent dilation of the brachial artery was determined by using high-resolution vascular ultrasonography through flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) after induction of ischemia, and the data were analyzed using SPSS, dependent t-test and ANCOVA. Findings: The findings showed that at baseline, FMD was reduced in revascularized patients, when compared with healthy young men, after 8 weeks, and exercise training significantly improved FMD in patients underwent training group [from 4.31 ± 1.45 (SD)% to 6.15 ± 0.773 (SD)%, p < 0.05] and substantially increased the same in healthy young men [from 9.18% ± 1.45% to 11.72% ± 1.72%, p < 0.05] However, in the control group, the FMD remained unchanged, and even after aerobic training, it did not significantly modify the brachial artery diameter in these groups. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that endothelial dysfunction persisting in CAD patients after revascularization and aerobic training can improve endothelial function in different vascular beds in CAD patients and healthy young men. This may contribute to the benefit of regular exercise in preventing and restricting cardiovascular disease.

Keywords

Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilatation; Coronary Artery Disease; Aerobic Training; High-Resolution Ultrasound; Flow-Mediated Dilation

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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