Demographic and Clinical Factor of IUGR Baby in West Java General Hospital

Pipih Afiyatin^1*, Firman Fuad Wirakusumah², Hadi Susiarno³, Sofie Rifayani Krisnadi², Jusuf Sulaeman Effendi², Supriyadi Gandamihardja⁴

¹Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Sumedang General Hospital, Sumedang, Indonesia.
²Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Fetal and Maternal Medicine Division, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia.
³Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Social Division, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia.
⁴Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Gynaecology and Oncology Division, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia.

DOI: 10.4236/oalib.1101609                

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the characteristic of the term intrauterine growth restriction (term IUGR) and analyze the correlation of demographic and clinical factor’s to term intrauterine growth restriction in West Java general hospitals. Method: This study was done retrospectively using cohort method taken on July 2014. The data were taken from Indonesian Maternal and Perinatal Registration. The data were collected since April 1^st 2014 to September 30^th 2014. Term patients (n = 7.320) were divided into 2 categories: normal fetal growth and intrauterine growth restriction. The data were analysed using chi square and multiple logistic regression. Result: There are 10.4% patients with intrauterine growth restriction. Incidence of term IUGR is commonly found in mothers less than 20 years old, low educational status (primary school), multiparity, and pregnancy interval > 2 years, history of stillbirth, diabetes, hypertension, hypertension in pregnancy, and antepartum haemorrhage. There are significant correlations between the maternal and perinatal risk factors to the incidence of intrauterine growth restriction (p < 0.05). Low educational status increases the risk of having term IUGR by 1.5 times, hypertension in pregnancy by 1.3 times, and antepartum haemorrhage more than 3 times (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There are correlations among educational status, hypertension in pregnancy and antepartum haemorrhage with the incidence of intrauterine growth restriction. Healthcare providers should improve their knowledge about IUGR risk factors.

Keywords

Clinical Factor, Demographic Factor, Intrauterine Growth Restrictiom

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Silver, L.E., Decamps, P.J., Korst, L.M., Platt, L.D. and Castro, L. (2003) Intrauterine Growth Restriction Is Accompanied by Decreased Renal Volume in the Human Fetus. American Journal of Obstetrics Gynecology, 188, 1320-1325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mob.[phone]
[2]	Dutta, D.C. (2004) Text Book of Obstetrics including Perinatology and Contraception. 5th Edition, New Central Book Agency, Philadelphia.
[3]	Alkalay, A. (2013) Intra Uterine Growth Restriction 2013. http://www.google.com
[4]	Cunningham, F.G., Leveno, K.J., Rouse, D.J., Bloom, S.L., Hauth, J.C. and Spong, C.Y. (2012) Williams Obstetrics. 23rd Edition, McGraw Hill, New York, 1111-1139.
[5]	Kay, H. (2014) Fetal Intrauterine Growth Retardation (TERM IUGR) 2001. https://iame.com/online/TERM IUGR/Term IUGR.html
[6]	SIAK Jabar (2012) Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Barat. http://jabarprov.go.id/index.php/pages/id/75
[7]	Lin, C.C. and Evans, M.I. (1984) Pathophysiology and Clinical Management. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York.
[8]	Romero, R. (2013) Term IUGR. Dalam. In: Creasy, R.K. and Resnik, R., Eds., Creasy and Resnik’s Maternal-Fetal Medicine: Principles and Practice, 7th Edition, Elsevier, Philadelphia, 558-572.
[9]	Kemenkes, R.I. (2013) Data Rumah Sakit Online. http://sirs.buk.depkes.go.id/rsonline/report/report_by_catrs.php
[10]	Harper, T. and Lam, G. (2002) Fetal Growth Restriction.
[11]	MPRI (2013) Maternal Perinatal Registration Indonesia. https://mprimosos.com/
[12]	Sustini, F. and Lestari, P. (2011) Dasardasar demografi. Bunga rampai obstetri dan ginekologi sosial. Bina Pustaka Sarwono Prawirohardjo, Jakarta, 96-98.
[13]	Howarth, C., Gazis, A. and James, D. (2007) Associations of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Maternal Vascular Disease and Complications of Pregnancy. Diabetic Medicine, 24, 1229-1234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2007.02254.x
[14]	RCOG (2013) The Investigation and Management of the Small-for-Gestational-Age Fetus. http://www.rcog.org.uk/womens-health/investigation-and-management-small-gestational-age-fetus-green-top-31
[15]	Allen, V.M., Joseph, K.S., Murphy, K.E., Magee, L.A. and Ohlsson, A. (2004) The Effect of Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy on Small for Gestational Age and Stillbirth: A Population Based Study. MBC, 4, 17-25.