Micronization of Cetirizine Using Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

Abstract

During the past decades, producing micro- and nano-particles of drugs is gaining attention since it is possible to modify the solubility of insoluble drugs in the gastronical fluids significantly. Respect to this fact, in the current investigation, rapid expansion of supercritical carbon dioxide (RESS) for fabricating the micro-particles of cetirizine is investigated. In this way, different operational conditions including extraction pressure (160 - 220 bar), extraction temperature (308 - 328 K), nozzle length (1 - 8 mm), and nozzle diameter (450 - 1700 μm) are examined. The performed experiments revealed that among the examined operational conditions, nozzle diameter and extraction pressure introduce significant effects on the reduction of particle size compared with the other examined parameters. The results revealed that it is possible to reduce the cetirizine particles from 98.52 μm to 0.53 μm using RESS. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis is performed to investigate the effect of different operational parameters on the morphology of the particles of cetirizine. The results demonstrate that RESS not only is able to reduce the particle size of the cetirizine, but also is able to change the morphology of the cetirizine particles from the irregular shape to spherical form.

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Hezave, A. , Lashkarbolooki, M. and Esmaeilzadeh, F. (2015) Micronization of Cetirizine Using Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. Open Access Library Journal, 2, 1-14. doi: 10.4236/oalib.1101277.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

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