Acute Massive Gastric Dialation—A Case Report

Kiran Kumar^*, Rifah Anwar Assadi, Mohammed Khalid, Mohammed Hamdy Ibrahim, Himanshi Singh, Sonia Lamichhane, Shaikh Altaf Basha

Department of Internal Medicine, GMC Hospital and Research Centre, Ajman, UAE.

DOI: 10.4236/ijcm.2015.66053                

Abstract

Acute gastric dilation leading to ischemia of the stomach is an underdiagnosed condition and can be potentially fatal. It can occur in various medical and surgical conditions such as post operative state, trauma, anorexia, spinal abnormalities, diabetes mellitus and electrolyte imbalance. Without proper and timely diagnosis and treatment, gastric perforation and hemorrhage can occur. In this report, we present a case of acute massive gastric dilation in a settling of type II diabetes mellitus and urosepsis. We will also present a review of literature and management options for such condition. Our report highlights the need for high index of suspicion and early intervention to avoid life threatening complications.

Keywords

Acute Gastric Dilatation, Infection, Urinary Tract Infection, Gastric Distension

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Berkman, N., Simon, Z., Almog, Y. and Kramer, M.R. (1993) Acute Gastric Dilatation Causing Respiratory Failure and “Tension Pneumothorax” in an Elderly Woman with a Diaphragmatic Hernia. Chest, 104, 317-318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.104.1.317
[2]	Hanekamp, L.A. and Toben, F.M. (2006) A Pregnant Woman with Shortness of Breath. Netherlands Journal of Medicine, 64, 84, 95.
[3]	Reardon, D.J., Freschini, A., Harrison, M., Coulson, C. and Nangalia, L.L. (2007) Oesophageal Dilatation Due to a Paraoesophageal Hernia and Gastric Volvulus as a Cause of Stridor. Emergency Medicine Journal, 24, 734. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emj.2007.049916
[4]	Narendranathan, M. and Kalam, A. (1987) Respiratory Distress during Endoscopy—Report of an Unusual Case. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 63, 805-806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.63.743.805
[5]	Byard, R.W., Couper, R.T. and Cohle, S. (2001) Gastric Distention, Cerebral Palsy and Unexpected Death. Journal of Clinical Forensic Medicine, 8, 81-85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/jcfm.2001.0478
[6]	Mahajna, A., Mitkal, S. and Krausz, M.M. (2008) Postoperative Gastric Dilatation Causing Abdominal Compartment Syndrome. World Journal of Emergency Surgery, 3, 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1749-7922-3-7
[7]	Lee, L.S. and Lim, N.L. (2006) Severe Acute Gastric Dilatation Causing Respiratory Failure. Singapore Medical Journal, 47, 716-718.
[8]	Nagai, T., Yokoo, M., Tomizawa, T. and Mori, M. (2001) Acute Gastric Dilatation Accompanied by Diabetes Mellitus. Internal Medicine, 40, 320-323. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.40.320
[9]	Gul, W., Qazi, A., Ali, S.A. and Barde, C. (2008) Acute Gastric Dilatation in a Patient with Spinal Injury and Multiple Myeloma. Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 4, 428-432.
[10]	Todd, S.R., Marshall, G.T. and Tyroch, A.H. (2000) Acute Gastric Dilatation Revisited. American Journal of Surgery, 66, 709-710.
[11]	Trindade, E.N., von Diemen, V. and Trindade, M.R. (2008) Acute Gastric Dilatation and Necrosis: A Case Report. Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 108, 602-603.