Abstract
Uncontrolled
urbanization of African cities and the lack of municipal waste management
services in these cities make landscapes become places of multiple and varied
interactions between health and environment. In this sense, under strong urban
growth in a context of sub-equipment sanitation, the city of Maradi doesn’t
escape to this situation which results in the spread of pollution (release of
unpleasant odors, and proliferation of mosquitoes) and many diseases posing
multiple health problems. Our study focuses only on liquid waste especially domestic
wastewater. To study the different domestic wastewater management options in
the town of Maradi, a survey was conducted among 340 households in 17 districts.
We note in most cases a crucial of waste management infrastructure (drainage
and wastewater treatment) in the city. Thus, only the individual sanitation
facilities are used. In the town of Maradi, in addition to the storm drains,
there are, in old districts, ditches that discharge wastewater and unfortunately
end up in rivers without treatment. Total domestic wastewater production is
estimated at 86761.28 m3 per day. This water is mostly from laundry activities, bathing, dishes, and is discharged
in large part through the streets, by more than 60% of households. Also,
pit emptying is performed at 39.11% by the vehicle Peugeot tank. The quality of
service rendered by an actor is very important to encourage households to join. Existing autonomous sanitation
facilities are poorly designed and poorly maintained. Fecal sludge is
dumped in a hole near saturated latrines; this work is mainly done by manual
scavengers or dumped in fields or on nearby vacant land concessions.