Adverse Drug Reactions in Management of Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis, in Tertiary Chest Institute

J. S. Akshata¹, Anushree Chakrabarthy¹, R. Swapna¹, Shashidhar Buggi², M. Somashekar¹

¹Deptartment of Pulmonary Medicine, SDS TB Research Centre and RGICD, Bangalore, India.
²Department of CTVS, SDS TB Research Centre and RGICD, Bangalore, India.

DOI: 10.4236/jtr.2015.32004                

Abstract

Background: Multidrug resistant tuberculosis is a global threat. Effective treatment is implemented as per RNTCP guidelines. But the drugs used have great potential to develop adverse drug reactions. Such drug reactions if not managed optimally can lead to unfavourable treatment outcome. Hence, the study is to know the occurrence of adverse drug reactions. Aims: To study the occurrence of adverse drug reactions in treatment of multidrug resistant tuberculosis and hence the factors affecting the treatment. Settings and Design: Retrospective analysis of patients treated with standardised regimen for MDR-TB, as per RNTCP guidelines at a tertiary chest institute between august 2011 and December 2014. Methods and Material: Retrospective analysis of 607 patients’ records reviewed for the occurrence of adverse drug reactions. All adverse reactions are noted and diagnosed either clinically or by laboratory evidence. Results: Among the 607 patients included in the study, majority had one or more adverse drug reactions. The most common was gastritis (71.7%), which was easily treatable, and the least common was visual impairment (0.2%). Only 1.7% discontinued the treatment citing adverse drug reactions and 10.5% required permanent discontinuation of the offending drug. Conclusion: Treatment of MDR-TB is challenging mainly due to the long duration of treatment and the potential adverse reactions of the drugs used. These reactions are frequent but majority of them can be successfully managed without treatment interruption. Training the peripheral health centre workers to identify and refer the patients with adverse reaction bears a major impact on treatment outcome.

Keywords

MDR-TB, ADR, Adherence, Outcome

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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