Vadose Zone Heterogeneity Effect on Unsaturated Water Flow Modeling at Meso-Scale

Artur Paiva Coutinho^1,2, Laurent Lassabatere^1*, Thierry Winiarski¹, Jaime Joaquim da Silva Pereira Cabral², Antonio Celso Dantas Antonino², Rafael Angulo-Jaramillo¹

¹LEHNA, UMR 5023 CNRS, ENTPE, UCB-Lyon-1, Vaulx-en-Velin, France.
²Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Programa de Pós Graduacao em Engenharia Civil/Tecnologia Ambiental e Recursos Hídricos, Recife, Brasil.

DOI: 10.4236/jwarp.2015.74028                

Abstract

The understanding of unsaturated flow in heterogeneous formations is a prerequisite to the understanding of pollutant transfer in the vadose zone and the proper management of infiltration basins settled over such heterogeneous formations. This study addresses the effect of lithological heterogeneity of a glaciofluvial deposit on flow in the vadose zone underneath an infiltration basin settled in the Lyon suburbs. The basin had already been the subject of several previous studies, some of which demonstrated the impact of soil heterogeneity. But all of them were only based on the sedimentological study of a trench and no study addressed the potential spatial variability of results due to the spatial variability of soil heterogeneity. In this study, we model flow in the vadose zone for several case studies, including drainage, water infiltration during a rainfall event, and a complete meteorological chronic. These calculations were conducted for several sections, previously characterized in the basin using GPR and sedimentological study and compared with a blank (homogeneous section). The results clearly show that heterogeneity impacts unsaturated flow and that these impacts depend upon the section considered. Some geometrical architectural and textural parameters were proposed to explain the spatial variability and effect of the soil heterogeneity on unsaturated flow, thus establishing the first step towards modeling unsaturated flow in the basin at the meso-scale.

Keywords

Architectural and Structural Indicators, Ground Penetration Radar, Numerical Modeling, Preferential Flow, Structural Heterogeneity, Unsaturated Flow

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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