Lead Adsorption onto Various Solid Surfaces

Handojo Djati Utomo^1,2

¹School of Architecture and The Built Environment, Division of Civil Engineering, Singapore Polytechnic, Singapore.
²Department of Chemistry, Marine and Freshwater Chemistry Laboratory, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.

DOI: 10.4236/nr.2015.63014                

Abstract

Adsorption is becoming an important method in water and wastewater treatment technology at low concentrations. Pb²⁺ adsorption at low concentration onto various solid surfaces using either nano metal oxide of MnO₂, or granulated activated carbon (GAC) or agricultural by-products such as tea leaves and coffee residue are considered promising. In this adsorption study the measurements were conducted by equilibrating Lead solutions at different concentrations range 19 - 291 μmol·L^-1 with various adsorbent suspensions in the concentration range 0.388 - 8.738 g·L^-1. Comparing all the adsorption capacities calculated using Langmuir equation Pb²⁺ adsorption by MnO₂ shows the highest adsorption capacity with the estimated Γ_m = 528.0 μmol·g^–1 at a fixed equilibrium constant K = 0.0119 L·μmoL^-1. In addition, the Pb²⁺ adsorption by coffee residue is subject to a particle concentration effect in which the adsorption density decreases as the concentration of solid adsorbent C_s is increased. The Pb²⁺ adsorption by tea leaves, MnO₂ and GAC shows less dependency to the concentration of solid adsorbent C_s, especially at lower metal ion concentrations. In the particular case of Pb²⁺ adsorption on MnO₂ there appears to be no dependence on C_s.

Keywords

Adsorption, Coffee Residue, GAC, Pb²⁺, Particle Concentration Effect, Tea Leaves, Nano Metal Oxide of MnO₂

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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