Trace Metal Concentration in Two Matrices in an Urban Subtropical River

Nyasha Mabika¹, Trust Masiya², Beaven Utete^3*, Maxwell Barson⁴, Joshua Tsamba⁴

¹Department of Anatomy, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.
²Institute of Mining Research, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.
³Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe.
⁴Department of Biological Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.

DOI: 10.4236/jwarp.2015.73018                

Abstract

This study investigates the concentration of metals namely aluminium, manganese and cobalt in two matrices: sediment and fish organs (whole muscle stomach tissue, gills, liver and kidney) in an urban river, Mukuvisi River, Zimbabwe. River bed sediments and fish samples were collected simultaneously at five sites over seven months (September 2008-April 2009). Concentrations of aluminium, manganese and cobalt in the selected fish organs and sediment were estimated using the Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS). Water limnochemical aspects, dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature and conductivity were measured concomitantly at each site. Aluminium had significantly higher mean concentrations and bioconcentration factors in both sediments and fish tissues relative to cobalt and manganese. Cobalt and aluminium were detected in all fish tissues, whilst manganese was not detected in muscle and liver. Significant differences in bioconcentration factors for the metals in organs of the same fish species analysed in this study show differences in metal assimilation. Metal specific river rehabilitation methods need to be applied for the future restoration of the ecological integrity of Mukuvisi River.

Keywords

Metal Assimilation, Bioconcentration Factors, Pollution, Ecosystem Integrity

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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