An Alternative Path for the Preparation of Triacetylcellulose from Unrefined Biomass

Hee Kyung Lim; Ha Young Song; Dal Rye Kim; Jeong Ho Ko; Sun Ah Lee; Kee-In Lee; In Taek Hwang

doi:10.4236/aces.2015.51004

Home > Journals > Chemistry & Materials Science > ACES

Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science > Vol.5 No.1, January 2015

An Alternative Path for the Preparation of Triacetylcellulose from Unrefined Biomass ()

Hee Kyung Lim¹, Ha Young Song¹, Dal Rye Kim¹, Jeong Ho Ko¹, Sun Ah Lee¹, Kee-In Lee^1,2, In Taek Hwang^1,2*

¹Biorefinery Research Group, Green Chemistry Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
²Department of Green Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.

DOI: 10.4236/aces.2015.51004 PDF HTML XML 3,570 Downloads 4,223 Views Citations

Abstract

An alternative path for the preparation of triacetylcellulose (TAC) from unrefined biomass Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) has been found with environmental benefits. The method comprises separation and regeneration of cellulose from lignocellulosic biomass dissolved in ionic liquid BMIMCl, and also modification of cellulose to TAC. The triacetylcellulose with a degree of substitution of 2.93 was obtained by the reaction of acetic anhydride at 55^。C with drastically reducing number of steps currently required to produce this derivative from raw materials itself. TAC was characterized using NMR analysis. The triacetate cellulose is typically used for the creation of fibers and film base.

Keywords

Ionic Liquid, Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB), Triacetylcellulose (TAC)

Share and Cite:

Lim, H. , Song, H. , Kim, D. , Ko, J. , Lee, S. , Lee, K. and Hwang, I. (2015) An Alternative Path for the Preparation of Triacetylcellulose from Unrefined Biomass. Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science, 5, 33-42. doi: 10.4236/aces.2015.51004.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Ragauskas, A.J., Williams, C.K. and Davison, B.H. (2006) The Path Forward for Biofuels and Biomaterials. Science, 311, 484-488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1114736
[2]	Sun, N., Rodríguez, H., Rahman, M. and Rogers, R.D. (2011) Where Are Ionic Liquid Strategies Most Suited in the Pursuit of Chemicals and Energy from Lignocellulosic Biomass? Chemical Communications, 47, 1405-1421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0cc03990j
[3]	Huang, Y.-B. and Fu, Y. (2013) Hydrolysis of Cellulose to Glucose by Solid Acid Catalysts. Green Chemistry, 15, 1095-1111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3gc40136g
[4]	Konur, O. (2012) The Scientometric Evaluation of the Research on the Production of Bioenergy from Biomass. Biomass and Bioenergy, 47, 504-515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2012.09.047
[5]	Uemura Y., Omar, W., Othman, N.A., Yusup, S. and Tsutsui, T. (2013) Torrefaction of Oil Palm EFB in the Presence of Oxygen. Fuel, 103, 156-160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2011.11.018
[6]	Liebert, T. and Heinze, T. (2008) Interaction of Ionic Liquids with Polysaccharides 5. Solvents and Reaction Media for the Modification of Cellulose. BioResources, 3, 576-601.
[7]	Fan, X., Liu, Z.-T. and Liu, Z.-W. (2010) Preparation and Application of Cellulose Triacetate Microspheres. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 177, 452-457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.12.054
[8]	Meireles, C.S., Filho, G.R., Ferreira Jr., M.F., Cerqueira, D.A., Assuncao, R.M.N., Ribeiro, E.A.M., Poletto, P. and Zeni, M. (2010) Characterization of Asymmetric Membranes of Cellulose Acetate from Biomass: Newspaper and Mango Seed. Carbohydrate Polymers, 80, 954-961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.01.012
[9]	Biswas, A., Saha, B.C., Lawton, J.W., Shogren, R.L. and Willett, J.L. (2006) Process for Obtaining Cellulose Acetate from Agricultural By-Products. Carbohydrate Polymers, 64, 134-137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2005.11.002
[10]	Fan, X.S., Liu, Z.-W., Lu, J. and Liu, Z.-T. (2009) Cellulose Triacetate Optical Film Preparation from Ramie Fiber. Industrial Engineering Chemistry Research, 48, 6212-6215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie801703x
[11]	Xie, H., King, A., Kilpelainen, I., Granstrom, M. and Argyropoulos, D.S. (2007) Thorough Chemical Modification of Wood-Based Lignocellulosic Materials in Ionic Liquids. Biomacromolecules, 8, 3740-3748.
[12]	Gericke, M., Fardim, P. and Heinze, T. (2012) Ionic Liquids—Promising but Challenging Solvents for Homogeneous Derivatization of Cellulose. Molecules, 17, 7458-7502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules17067458
[13]	Swatloski, R.P., Spear, S.K., Holbrey, J.D. and Rogers, R.D. (2002) Dissolution of Cellulose with Ionic Liquids. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 124, 4974-4975. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja025790m
[14]	Brandt, A., Grasvik, J., Hallett, J.P. and Welton, T. (2013) Deconstruction of Lignocellulosic Biomass with Ionic Liquids. Green Chemistry, 15, 550-583. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2gc36364j
[15]	Groff, D., George, A., Sun, N., Sathitsuksanoh, N., Bokinsky, G., Simmons, B.A., Holmes, B.M. and Keasling, J.D. (2013) Acid Enhanced Ionic Liquid Pretreatment of Biomass. Green Chemistry, 15, 1264-1267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3gc37086k
[16]	Li, C. and Zhao, Z.K. (2007) Efficient Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Cellulose in Ionic Liquid. Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis, 349, 1847-1850. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adsc.200700259
[17]	Qi, H., Yang, Q., Zhang, L., Liebert, T. and Heinze, T. (2011) The Dissolution of Cellulose in NaOH-Based Aqueous System by Two-Step Process. Cellulose, 18, 237-245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10570-010-9477-8
[18]	El Seoud, O.A., Koschella, A., Fidale, L.C., Dorn, S. and Heinze, T. (2007) Applications of Ionic Liquids in Carbohydrate Chemistry: A Window of Opportunities. Biomacromolecules, 8, 2629-2647. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bm070062i
[19]	Rantwijk, F. and Sheldon, R.A. (2007) Biocatalysis in Ionic Liquids. Chemical Reviews, 107, 2757-2785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr050946x
[20]	Zhang, H., Wu, J., Zhang, J. and He, J. (2005) 1-Allyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride Room Temperature Ionic Liquid: A New and Powerful Nonderivatizing Solvent for Cellulose. Macromolecules, 38, 8272-8277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma0505676
[21]	Filho, G.R., Monteiro, D.S., Meireles, C.S., Assuncao, R.M.N., Cerqueira, D.A., Barud, H.S., Ribeiro, S.J.L. and Messadeq, Y. (2008) Synthesis and Characterization of Cellulose Acetate Produced from Recycled Newspaper. Carbohydrate Polymers, 73, 74-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2007.11.010
[22]	Barud, H.S., Araújo Jr., A.M., Santos, D.B., Assuncao, R.M.N., Meireles, C.S., Cerqueira, D.A., Filho, G.R., Ribeiro, C.A., Messaddeq, Y. and Ribeiro, S.J.L. (2008) Thermal Behavior of Cellulose Acetate Produced from Homogeneous Acetylation of Bacterial Cellulose. Thermochimica Acta, 471, 61-69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2008.02.009
[23]	Saha, B.C., Iten, L.B., Cotta, M.A. and Wu, Y.V. (2005) Dilute Acid Pretreatment, Enzymatic Saccharification, and Fermentation of Rice Hulls to Ethanol. Biotechnology Progress, 21, 816-822. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bp049564n
[24]	Saha, B.C. (2004) Lignocellulose Biodegradation and Applications in Biotechnology. In: Saha, B.C. and Hayashi, K., Eds., Lignocellulose Biodegradation, American Chemical Society, Washington DC, 1-34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2004-0889