The Effect of Fusarium Inoculation and Fungicide Application on Concentrations of Flavonoids (Apigenin, Kaempferol, Luteolin, Naringenin, Quercetin, Rutin, Vitexin) in Winter Wheat Cultivars

Maciej Buśko¹, Tomasz Góral², Anna Ostrowska¹, Anna Matysiak¹, Dorota Walentyn-Góral², Juliusz Perkowski¹

¹Department of Chemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
²Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—NRI, Blonie, Poland.

DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2014.525389                

Abstract

Grain of 30 winter wheat cultivars was screened for the content of seven flavonoids (apigenin, kaempferol, luteolin, naringenin, quercetin, rutin, vitexin). In total, 90 samples were analyzed, belonging to three combinations: the control, samples inoculated with Fusarium culmorum, and samples inoculated with Fusarium culmorum and protected with fungicides (Prosaro, Topsin M). Analyzed flavonoids were detected in all tested samples. The highest concentrations were recorded for quercetin (512.9 mg/kg) and luteolin (458.4 mg/kg). Concentration of all compounds was the highest in the inoculated samples, while in the control and in the inoculated samples treated with fungicides their contents were significantly lower and similar, as confirmed by the statistical analysis conducted by multivariate methods. In most cases, significant correlations were obtained between individual flavonoids. Such correlations were observed for all flavonoids in samples covering all the three variants and almost all flavonoids in the inoculated samples. The lowest number of correlations was recorded for samples treated with fungicides.

Keywords

Winter Wheat, Flavonoids, Fusarium Head Blight, Inoculation, Prothioconazole,

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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