Nanoporous Silicon-Based Ammonia-Fed Fuel Cells

Tayyar D. Dzhafarov¹, Sureyya Aydin Yuksel², Mustafa Aydin²

¹Institute of Physics, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan.
²Department of Physics, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.

DOI: 10.4236/msa.2014.514104                

Abstract

The objective of the paper is to report results on fabrication, structural, morphological and performance characteristics of novel TiO₂/PS/Si, Au/TiO₂/PS/Si and Au/PS/Si direct ammonia fuel cells (DAFC) using nanoporous silicon (PS) as proton conducting membrane (instead of traditional polymer Nafion membrane) and TiO₂, Au/TiO₂ or Au as catalyst layer. Porous silicon layers have been prepared by electrochemical modification of silicon substrates. Films containing titanium dioxide are more efficient catalysts for hydrogen production from ammonia solution. The Au/ TiO₂/PS/Si cell exhibited the open circuit voltage 0.87 V and performance of 1.6 mW/cm² with 50% ammonia solution as fuel at room temperature. Mechanisms of proton transport in nanoporous silicon membrane and generation of electricity in DAFC have been considered. Advantages of investigated direct ammonia fuel cells consist in simplicity of fabrication technology, which can be integrated into standard silicon micro fabrication processes and operation of cells at room temperature. The work demonstrates that the PS based fuel cells have potential for portable applications.

Keywords

Nanoporous Silicon Membrane, Fuel Cell, Au/TiO₂ Catalyst, Ammonia Electrolyte, Power Density

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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