The Gap Labelling Integrated Density of States for a Quasi Crystal Universe Is  Identical to the Observed 4.5 Percent  Ordinary Energy Density of the Cosmos

Mohamed S. El Naschie

doi:10.4236/ns.2014.616115

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NS> Vol.6 No.16, November 2014

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The Gap Labelling Integrated Density of States for a Quasi Crystal Universe Is Identical to the Observed 4.5 Percent Ordinary Energy Density of the Cosmos

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DOI: 10.4236/ns.2014.616115 3,844 Downloads 4,371 Views Citations

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Mohamed S. El Naschie

Affiliation(s)

Department of Physics, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.

ABSTRACT

Condense matter methods and mathematical models used in solving problems in solid state physics are transformed to high energy quantum cosmology in order to estimate the magnitude of the missing dark energy of the universe. Looking at the problem from this novel viewpoint was rewarded by a rather unexpected result, namely that the gap labelling method of integrated density of states for three dimensional icosahedral quasicrystals is identical to the previously measured and theoretically concluded ordinary energy density of the universe, namely a mere 4.5 percent of Einstein’s energy density, i.e. E(O) = mc²/22 where E is the energy, m is the mass and c is the speed of light. Consequently we conclude that the missing dark energy density must be E(D) = 1 － E(O) = mc²(21/22) in agreement with all known cosmological measurements and observations. This result could also be interpreted as a strong evidence for the self similarity of the geometry of spacetime, which is an expression of its basic fractal nature.

KEYWORDS

E-Infinity Theory, Fractal-Witten M-Theory, Gap Labelling Theorem, Density of States, Dark Energy Density, Noncommutative Geometry, K-Theory, Dimension Group

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Cite this paper

El Naschie, M. (2014) The Gap Labelling Integrated Density of States for a Quasi Crystal Universe Is Identical to the Observed 4.5 Percent Ordinary Energy Density of the Cosmos. Natural Science, 6, 1259-1265. doi: 10.4236/ns.2014.616115.

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