Isolated Soy Protein-Based Diet Ameliorates Glycemia and Antioxidants Enzyme Activities in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes

Roberta Hack Mendes^1,2, Martine Kienzle Hagen^1,3, Jaqueline Barp¹, Erna Vogt de Jong⁴, Júlia Dubois Moreira⁵, Álvaro Reischak-Oliveira⁶, Maria Cláudia Irigoyen^1,7, Adriane Belló-Klein¹

¹Physiology Departament, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
²Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
³Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
⁴Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
⁵Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
⁶School of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
⁷Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

DOI: 10.4236/fns.2014.521221                

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes induced by isolated soy protein (ISP)-based diet on glycemia and oxidative stress biomarkers in diabetic rats. Fifteen male Wistar rats (35 ± 4 g, aged 21 days) were assigned to three groups: Casein (C group), which received casein-based diet during experimental protocol; Diabetic treated with Casein (D + C group) that received casein-based diet before and after diabetes induction; Diabetic treated with ISP (D + S group) that received casein-based diet before diabetes induction and after received ISP-based diet for the experimental protocol. Diabetes was induced by a single dose of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg body weight i.v.). After three weeks of dietary treatment, total nitrates, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were measured in heart homogenates. ISP-based diet promoted an improvement in the glycemic levels of diabetic rats compared with casein-based diet (362 ± 25 vs 461 ± 30 mg/dL). CAT activity demonstrated a significant decrease in D + C and D + S groups. D + S group presented a significant increase in SOD and GST activities. Lipid peroxidation was not different among experimental groups. The overall results suggested the potential benefits of ISP-based diet consumption to improve the life quality of diabetic patients.

Keywords

Isolated Soy Protein, Diabetes, Oxidative Stress

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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