Genetic Variability and Reproduction Structure of Corbicula japonica in Major Fishing Brackish Lakes in Japan

Tsudzumi Mito, Tomomi Tanaka, Futoshi Aranishi

Center for the Promotion of Project Research, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan.
United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan.
United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan; Center for the Promotion of Project Research, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan; Coastal Lagoon Research Center, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan.

DOI: 10.4236/ojms.2014.43017                

Abstract

Corbicula japonica is the best-known bivalve inhabiting widely in brackish estuaries and lakes in Japan. Although this species has been most commercially important species of inland fisheries in Japan, the gradual decline in its production over 40 years caused not only economic problems in fishery industry but also ecological disturbances in biodiversity conservation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproduction structure of C. japonica populations in major fishing brackish lakes based on the genetic diversity inferred by mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis of the cytochrome oxidase c subunit I gene. Of a total of 188 C. japonica individuals collected in Lakes Shinji, Jusan, Ogawara and Abashiri, 25 haplotypes were obtained, and only the haplotype HT01 was apparent with relatively high abundance in all lakes. Minimum spanning network analysis of haplotypes showed different population structures between Lake Shinji and Lakes Jusan, Ogawara and Abashiri. In addition, pairwise population genetic distance F_ST and Φ_ST values were significantly higher in Lake Shinji than Lakes Jusan, Ogawara and Abashiri. The mismatch distribution analysis showed unimodal profile for Lakes Jusan and Ogawara and bimodal profile for Lakes Shinji and Abashiri. Those results indicate a recent population expansion in all lakes, and Lakes Shinji and Abashiri and Lakes Jusan and Ogawara maintained continuous reproduction structure and suffered to rapid population growth, respectively.

Keywords

Corbicula japonica, Brackish Lakes, Genetic Diversity, Reproduction Structure, Cytochrome Oxidase c Subunit I Gene

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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