Study on Cadmium Resistant-Bacteria Isolated from Hospital Wastewaters

Benmalek Yamina, Benayad Tahar, Madour Lila, Hacene Hocine, Fardeau Marie Laure

Laboratoire de Microbiologie IRD, Aix-Marseille Université, Université du Sud Toulon-Var, CNRS/INSU, IRD, Marseille, France.
Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Département de BCM, Faculté des sciences biologiques, Université des Sciences et de Technologie Houari Boumediene, Alger, Algerie.

DOI: 10.4236/abb.2014.58085                

Abstract

In hospital, a variety of substances are in use for medical purposes as diagnostics and researches. Among them, heavy metals which are not biodegradable by chemical reactions have bioaccumulation properties. Cadmium is a toxic pollutant that enters hospital wastewaters by different ways. However, isolated bacteria from hospital effluents have high resistance to antimicrobial agents and therefore the ability to uptake cadmium and other metals. So, their use is recommended for wastewater bioremediation. In this study, twelve cadmium-resistant bacteria were isolated from hospital wastewaters and identified. The cadmium-resistant isolates characterized include both Gram-negative [75%] and Gram-positive [25%]. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of hospital wastewaters isolates was determined in solid media and was ranged from 250 to 950 micrograms/milliliters. All the isolates showed co-resistance to zinc and mercury. They were also antibiotic resistant and tolerated up a significant concentration of NaCl. The cadmium-resistant species Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most resistant to cadmium. The species Klebsiella pneumonia also resists to the highest concentrations of zinc and mercury. The results of toxicity tests on Vibrio fischeri, showed that the DI50 [15 min] as low as 0.07 carried away 50% luminescence inhibition.

Keywords

Antibiotics, Cadmium-Resistant Bacteria, Hospital Wastewaters

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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