Breeding and Genetic Assessment of Some Quantitative Traits in Crosses Forage Pea (Pisum sativum L.)

Valentin Kosev

Breeding and Seed Production of Forage Crops, Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria.

DOI: 10.4236/ojgen.2014.41004                

Abstract

The trial was carried during 2011-2013 on the second experimental field of the Institute of forage Crops-Pleven, Bulgaria. Populations of P₁, P₂, F₂ and F₁ of the crosses Shtambovii × Pleven 10 and Rosacrono × Pleven 4 and their reciprocals were investigated. Heterosis for the investigated traits was found in the hybrids of F₁ generations. The cross Rosacrono × Pleven 4 had the highest positive true heterosis for plant height (31.54%), height to first pod (15.44%) and pod length (17.11%); the cross Shtambovii × Pleven 10—for nods per plant (56.10%) and pod width (20.38%); Pleven 10 × Shtambovii—for 1000 seeds mass (14.65%) and Pleven 4 × Rosacrono—for number of seeds per pod. In F₂ the plants from Rosacrono × Pleven 4 had the strongest depression for plant height (28.26%), height to first pod (27.74%) and pod length (18.13%); Shtambovii × Pleven 10—for 1000 seeds mass (32.22%) and number of seeds per pod (13.87%). The stability of the studied characters was determined. Their variation in F₁ in the hybrid combination between Shtambovii andPleven10 was higher than F₁ of Rosacrono and Pleven 4. For more traits in direct crosses variability was found to be lower in relation to the reciprocal crosses in both combination. The genetical part in phenotipycal expression for height to first pod (Pleven 10 × Shtambovii), pod length and number of seeds per pod (Pleven 4 ×

Keywords

Forage Pea; Heterosis; Dominance; Genetic Analysis; Inheritance; Yield Components

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Tiwari, G. and Lavanya, G. R. (2012) Genetic Variability, Character Association and Component Analysis in F4 Generation of Fieldpea (Pisum sativum var. arvense L.). Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 25, 173-175.
[2]	Jiang, C., Pan, X. and Gu, M. (1994) The Use of Mixture Models to Detect Effects of Major Genes on Quantitative Characters in a Plant Breeding Experiment. Genetics, 136, 383-394.
[3]	Lou, X.Y. and Zhu, J. (2002) Analysis of Genetic Effects of Major Genes and Polygenes on Quantitative Traits. I. Genetic Model for Diploid Plants and Animals. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 104, 414-421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220100692
[4]	Martínez, O. (1999) Conceptos y Principios de Genética Cuantitativa con Aplicación al Mejoramiento de Especies Vegetales. Faculty of Agronomy, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota.
[5]	Hussein, M.A. and Aastveit, A.H. (2000) A Sas Program for Computing Genotype Environment Stability Statistics. Agronomy Journal, 92, 454-459. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2000.923454x
[6]	Kearsey, M.J. and Pooni, H.S. (1996) The Genetical Analysis of Quantitative Traits. Chapman and Hall, London. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-4441-2
[7]	Rodríguez-Herrera, R., Rooney, W.L., Rosenow, D.T. and Frederiksen, R.A. (2000) Inheritance of Grain Mold Resistance in Grain Sorghum without a Pigmented Testa. Crop Science, 40, 1573-1578. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2000.4061573x
[8]	Zalapa, J.E., Staub, J.E. and McCreight, J.D. (2006) Generation Means Analysis of Plant Architectural Traits and Fruit Yield in Melon. Plant Breed, 125, 482-487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2006.01273.x
[9]	Dimova, D. and Marinkov, E. (1999) Experimental Work and Biometrics. Academic Publishing House of the Agricultural University, Plovdiv, 193-205.
[10]	Omarov, D.S. (1975) Towards the Methods of Plant Heterosis Recording and Assessment, Agricultural Biology, 10, 123-127.
[11]	Romero, G.E. and Frey, K.J. (1973) Inheritance of Semi-Dwarfness in Several Wheat Crosses. Crop Science, 3, 334-337. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1973.0011183X001300030015x
[12]	Voskresenskaya, G.S. and Shpota, V.I. (1967) Transgressiya Priznakov u Gibridov Brassica i Metodika Kolichestvennogo Ucheta etogo Yavleniya. Doklady VASHNIL, 7, 18-20.
[13]	Konstantinov, G., Belcheva, R., Ralchev, K. and Enova, G. (1979) Handbook for Practical Genetics. 173-178 (Bulgarian).
[14]	Sobolev, N.A. (1976) Hybridological Analysis of Polygenic Traits. Cytology and Genetics, 10, 424-436.
[15]	Borah, H.K. (2009) Studies on Combining Ability and Heterosis in Field Pea. Legume Research, 32, 255-259.
[16]	Kostylev, P.I. and Vershinin, A.N. (2010) Plant Height Inheritage and Lower Bean Insertion in Soybean Hybrid F1. Grain Economy of Russia, 5, 20-25.
[17]	Espinosa, N. and Ligarreto, G.A. (2005) Evaluating Combinatory Ability and Heterosis of Seven Parental Pisum sativum L. Agronomia Colombiana, 23, 197-206.
[18]	Kumar, A., Jain, B.P. and Kumar, A. (2003) Genetic Variability in Pea (Pisum sativum L.). Journal of Research, Birsa Agricultural University, 15, 55-59.
[19]	Sharma, A.K., Singh, S.P. and Sharma, M.K. (2003) Genetic Variability, Heritability and Character Association in Pea (Pisum sativum L.). Crop Research, 26, 135-139.
[20]	Sorphi, S.P.S., Yadav, R. and Malik, S. (2006) Genetic Variability, Correlations and Path Analysis for Seed Yield and Its Component Characters in Pea (Pisum sativum L.). Plant Archives, 6, 737-740.
[21]	Singh, M.N. and Singh, R.B. (1989) Genetic Analysis of Yield Traits in Pea. Journal of Crop Improvement, 16, 62-67.
[22]	Shinde, K. (2000) Genetic Parameters of Some Quantitative and Qualitative Traits in Pea (Pisum sativum L.). Orissa Journal of Horticulture, 28, 21-24.