Aged Garlic Extract and One of the Constituent, (+)-(2S,3R)-Dehydrodiconiferyl Alcohol, Inhibits Alkaline Phosphatase Activity Induced by Inflammation Factors in Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

Takahiro Yamakawa, Toshiaki Matsutomo, Thomas Hofmann, Yukihiro Kodera

Central Research Institute of Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Hiroshima, Japan.
Technische Universit?t München, Freising, Germany..

DOI: 10.4236/fns.2014.52023                

Abstract

Previous clinical study showed that aged garlic extract (AGE) has a preventive effect of vascular calcification in patients with coronary artery diseases. It has been reported that vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and inflammatory cells including macrophages and lymphocytes migrate to sub-intimal region where atherosclerotic plaques are formed, and VSMC can differentiate into osteoblast-like cells, which are represented by the induction of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). We found that primary human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (HCASMC) showed the increased ALP activity, when cultured in the medium containing ascorbic acid, β-glycerophosphate, dexamethasone (IM), and supplemented with conditioned medium from macrophages (MCM). Then we tested the effect of AGE subdivided fractions and several compounds found in AGE, and then found that ((+)-(2S,3R)-Dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol, a dilignol compound existed in hydrophobic fraction of AGE, inhibited ALP activity in HCASMC.

Keywords

Vascular Smooth Muscle; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aged Garlic Extract; Dehydrodiconiferyl Alcohol

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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