RETRACTED:Efficiency of Amphoteric Surfactants as Flow Improvers and Pour Point Depressants

Noura El Mehbad

Faculty of Science, Nagran University, Saudi Arabia of Kingdom..

DOI: 10.4236/jpee.2013.15015                

Abstract

Short Retraction Notice 

This article has been retracted to straighten the academic record. In making this decision the Editorial Board follows COPE's Retraction Guidelines. The aim is to promote the circulation of scientific research by offering an ideal research publication platform with due consideration of internationally accepted standards on publication ethics. The Editorial Board would like to extend its sincere apologies for any inconvenience this retraction may have caused.

Please see the article page for more details. The full retraction notice in PDF is preceding the original paper which is marked "RETRACTED". 

Keywords

Wax; Additives; Pour Point; Amphotric Surfactants; Waxy Gas Oil

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	N. El Mehbad, “Development Antioxidants Synthesized by Phase Transfer Catalysts for Lubricating Oil,” Biotech Conference, Expo, 12-16 May 2013.
[2]	N. El Mehbad,“Developments of Multifunctional Additives for High Quality Lube Oil,”Journal of Power and Energy Engineering,Sanya, 29 November-1 December 2013.
[3]	N. El Mehbad,“The Development and Application of Ester for Lubricating Oil by Phase Transfer Catalysts,”19th International Colloquium, 21-23 January 2013, Germany.
[4]	T. T. Khidr, E. M. S. Azzam, S. Mutwaa and A. M. A. Omar,“Study of Some Anionic Surfactants as Pour Point Depressant Additives for Wax Gas Oil,”Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, Vol. 59, No. 2, 2007, pp. 64-68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790710731855
[5]	T. T. Khidr and A. M. A. Omar,“Anionic/Nonionic Mixture of Surfactants for Pour Point Depression of Gas Oil Egyptian,”Journal of Petroleum, Vol. 12, 2003, pp. 21-26.
[6]	T. T. Khidr, D. Ismail and A. M. A. Omar, “Improving the Flow Properties of n-Paraffin Gas Oil by Cationic and Non-Ionic Surfactants,” Journal of Faculty of Education, Vol. 25, 2000, pp. 121-135.
[7]	A. M. A. Omar, “Separation of Emulsifiable Oil from Solution by Surface Tension Control,” Adsorption Science and Technology, Vol. 19, No. 1, 2001, pp. 91-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/0263617011494006
[8]	A. M. A. Omar, Journal of Petroleum Science and Technology, Vol. 19, No. 7-8, 2001, pp. 11-21.