Therapeutic Efficacy of Genistein-Topotecan Combination Compared to Vitamin D3-Topotecan Combination in LNCaP Prostate Cancer Cells

Shreyasee Chakraborty, Bibiana Sandoval-Bernal, James Kumi-Diaka

Department of Biological Sciences, College of Sciences, Florida Atlantic University at Davie, Davie, USA.

DOI: 10.4236/cellbio.2013.23011                

Abstract

Background: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men over the age of 60 in Western countries. An estimated 241,740 new cases of prostate cancer have been diagnosed in the United States in 2012 with a death toll of 28,170. Varieties of natural phytochemicals such as genistein and topotecan have shown potential chemotherapeutic capacities and are being used to inhibit the growth and proliferation of cell in prostate cancer. Purpose of Study: In this study, we aim to determine the efficacy of Vitamin D₃-Topotecan combination compared to Genistein-Topotecan in apoptosis induction in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Methods: LNCaP cells were grown in complete RPMI medium and cultured at 37°C, 5% CO₂ for 23 - 48 hrs to achieve 70% - 80% confluence. The cells were then treated with Genistein-Topotecan, Vitamin D₃-Topotecan combination and TPT alone for 24 - 48 hours. In addition, post-treatment assayed using: Trypan Blue exclusion and MTT for cell viability, Ethidium bromide/Acridine orange to determine apoptosis induction, Rhodamine 123/Ethidium bromide to differentiate between viable, apoptotic, and necrotic cells, as well as to assess possible apoptotic mechanism, and DNA fragmentation to discriminate between apoptotic and necrotic cell death. Results: The overall data indicated the dose-and time-dependent cell death in the LNCaP cells and apoptosis as the major mechanism of treatment-induced cell growth arrest. Conclusion: The Genistein-Topotecan combination treatment was significantly more efficacious in growth inhibition of LNCaP cells compared to Vitamin D₃-Topotecan or Topotecan alone.

Keywords

Topotecan; Genistein; Vitamin D; Prostate Cancer

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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