Assessment of Wastewater Quality of Drains for Irrigation

Almas Hamid; Mahrukh Zeb; Asim Mehmood; Sana Akhtar; Samia Saif

doi:10.4236/jep.2013.49108

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Journal of Environmental Protection > Vol.4 No.9, September 2013

Assessment of Wastewater Quality of Drains for Irrigation ()

Almas Hamid, Mahrukh Zeb, Asim Mehmood, Sana Akhtar, Samia Saif

Department of Environmental Sciences, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore, Pakistan.
Global Environmental Laboratories, La- hore, Pakistan.

DOI: 10.4236/jep.2013.49108 PDF HTML 7,014 Downloads 10,121 Views Citations

Abstract

Rapid industrialization and overpopulation have stimulated increase in waste water both domestic and industrial. Due to lack of inefficient sewerage system and absence of treatment plants, the wastewater is discharged into drainage systems causing environmental and health implications. At various points, the wastewater of these drains is used for irrigation purposes. This study characterizes the effluent of major drains of Lahore city and assesses its suitability for irrigation. Wastewater samples were collected from drains in winter and spring seasons and analyzed for various parameters of special concern to irrigation. TSS, oil and grease, BOD, COD, chloride, TDS, sodium, SAR, bicarbonate ions, EC, iron, Copper and Nickel were found to be varied in concentration in different drains when compared with NEQS (National Environment Quality Standards) and FAO guidelines for irrigation in both seasons. Regular monitoring and proper treatment of wastewater before discharging into the drains can reduce the pollution in these drains.

Keywords

Industrialization; Wastewater Quality; Drains; Irrigation; Winter and Spring Season; FAO Guidelines

Share and Cite:

A. Hamid, M. Zeb, A. Mehmood, S. Akhtar and S. Saif, "Assessment of Wastewater Quality of Drains for Irrigation," Journal of Environmental Protection, Vol. 4 No. 9, 2013, pp. 937-945. doi: 10.4236/jep.2013.49108.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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