What Is the Missing Dark Energy in a Nutshell and the Hawking-Hartle Quantum Wave Collapse

Mohamed S. El Naschie

Department of Physics, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.

DOI: 10.4236/ijaa.2013.33024                

Abstract

We reason that in quantum cosmology there are two kinds of energy. The first is the ordinary energy of the quantum particle which we can measure. The second is the dark energy of the quantum wave by quantum duality. Because measurement collapses the Hawking-Hartle quantum wave of the cosmos, dark energy cannot be detected or measured in any conventional manner. The quantitative results are confirmed using some exact solutions for the hydrogen atom. In particular the ordinary energy of the quantum particle is given by E(0) = (/2)(mc²) where is Hardy’s probability of quantum entanglement, =( - 1)/2 is the Hausdorff dimension of the zero measure thin Cantor set modeling the quantum particle, while the dark energy of the quantum wave is given by E(D) = (5/2)(mc²) where is the Hausdorff dimension of the positive measure thick empty Cantor set modeling the quantum wave and the factor five (5) is the Kaluza-Klein spacetime dimension to which the measure zero thin Cantor set D(0) = (0,) and the thick empty set D(-1) = (1,) must be lifted to give the five dimensional analogue sets namely and 5 needed for calculating the energy density E(0) and E(D) which together add to Einstein’s maximal total energy density E(total) = E(0) + E(D) = mc² = E(Einstein). These results seem to be in complete agreement with the WMAP, supernova and recent Planck cosmic measurement as well as the 2005 quantum gravity experiments of V. V. Nesvizhersky and his associates. It also confirms the equivalence of wormhole solutions of Einstein’s equations and quantum entanglement by scaling the Planck scale.

Keywords

Kaluza-Klein Dark Energy; Quantum Particle as Zero Set; Quantum Wave as an Empty Set; Quantum Gravity Experiments; Hawking-Hartle Wave; Dark Energy of the Quantum Wave; Scaling the Planck Scale; Equivalence of Einstein-Rosen Bridges; Spooky Action at Distance

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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