Culturability and Viability of Salmonella Typhimurium during Photo-Fenton Process at pH 5.5 under Solar Simulated Irradiation

Julián A. Rengifo-Herrera, Olga L. Castaño, Irma J. Sanabria

Center of Research and Development in Applied Sciences, “Dr. J. J. Ronco” (CINDECA), Chemistry Department, Faculty of Exact Sciences, UNLP-CCT La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Research Group in Oxidation Advanced Processes for Chemical and Biological Treatments (GAOX), University del Valle, Cali, Colombia.

DOI: 10.4236/jwarp.2013.58A003                

Abstract

Culturability and viability techniques such as plate count on solid agar (PC), Most Probable Number (MPN) and Direct Viable Count-Fluorescence in Situ Hybridation (DVC FISH) were used to study the inactivation of Salmonella typhimurium by photo-Fenton process at pH 5.5. In the presence of only simulated solar irradiation (500 W·m^-2), S. typhimurim showed that both culturability measured by MPN and viability (measured by DVC FISH) underwent just a slight decreasing of 2 and 1 log respectively after 240 min of light exposition while culturability measured by PC did not show any change. Results after 48 h of dark conditions did not reveal re-growth. However, when experiment was carried out in the presence of 2 mg L^-1 of Fe³⁺ and 20 mg L^-1 of H₂O₂ and pH 5.5, culturability was strongly affected after 240 min of simulated solar irradiation; nevertheless, viability was only slightly altered (~1 log). During dark period of 48 h changes on culturability and viability were not observed. On the other hand, it was also found that sugar metabolism was affected rather the amino-acids in S. typhimurium cells irradiated at different times upon photo-Fenton conditions. These findings might suggest for the first time that photo-Fenton process at pH 5.5 could induce viable but nonculturable state (VBNC) on waterborne S. typhimurium and that probably sugar metabolism damage could activate the VBNC state.

Keywords

Photo-Fenton Disinfection; Salmonella Typhimurium Inactivation; VBNC State; Viability and Cultivability

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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