Intraspecific Chemical Variability of Essential Oil of Hoslundia opposita

Abstract

Chemical investigation on leaves oil of Hoslundia opposita, aromatic plant used in traditional medicine, harvested from 20 localities of C?te d’Ivoire was realized by GC and GC/MS. In total, 101 compounds were identified accounting to 92% - 99%, aromatic compounds such benzyl benzoate and sesquiterpenes namely germacrene D, β-caryophyllene and α-humulene hydroxyl were found as the major constituents. As regard, the chemical profiles of our samples, it was found a great chemical variability suggesting a high polymorphism degree. In order to study this chemical variability, the results were submitted to the principal components and cluster analysis which allowed distinguishing two main groups of essential oils with respect to sampling site. The cluster I was dominated by benzyl benzoate (15%) and thymol (7.4%) comprising 6 localities, cluster II was characterized by phytol (8.5%) and α-humulene (7%) and constituted by 14 localities.

Share and Cite:

Z. Tonzibo, A. Koffi, E. Wognin, G. Bedi and J. Chalchat, "Intraspecific Chemical Variability of Essential Oil of Hoslundia opposita," American Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 4 No. 2, 2013, pp. 77-82. doi: 10.4236/ajac.2013.42010.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1] J. K. Morton, “Flora of West Tropical Africa,” J. Hut chinson and J. M. Daziel, Eds., Floras & Botanical Field Guides, Crown Agents, London, 1963, p. 450.
[2] M. M. Iwu, “Handbook of African Medicinal, Plants,” CRP Press, Boca Raton, 1993.
[3] J. M. Watt and M. G. Breyer-Brandwijk, “Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Southern and Eastern Africa,” E & S Livingstone, Edinburg, 1962.
[4] E. S. Ayensu, “Medicinal Plant of West Africa,” Refer ence Publications, Algonac, 1978.
[5] A. Bouquet, “Féticheurs et de Médecine Traditionnelle du Congo Brazzaville,” Mémoire O.R.S.T.O.M. No.36, Paris, 1969, pp 142.
[6] K. Annan, N. Jackson, R. A. Dickson, G. H. Sam and G. Komlaga, “Acaricidal Effect of an Isolate from Hoslundia opposite vahl against Amblyomma variegatum (Acari: Ixodidae),” Pharmacognosy Research, Vol. 3, No. 3, 2011, pp 185-188. doi:10.4103/0974-8490.85004
[7] G. M. Gundidza, S. G. Deans, K. P. Svoboda and S. Mavi, “Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil from Hoslundia opposite,” Central African Journal of Medecine, Vol. 38, No. 7, 1992, pp. 290-300.
[8] J. O. Akolade, N. O. Muhammad, L. Usman, T. A. Owo larafe and O. B. Oloyede, “Antidyslipidemic Effect of Leaf Essential Oil of Hoslundia Oppositavahl. In Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats,” International Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2011, pp. 6-13.
[9] H. Anchenbach, R. Waibel, H. H. M. Nkunya and H. Weenen,” Antimalarial Compounds from Hoslundia opposita,” Phytochemistry, Vol. 31, No. 11, 1992, pp. 3781 3784. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(00)97526-5
[10] O. A. Olajide, S. O. Awe and J. M. Makinde, “Central Nervous System Depressant Effect of Hoslundia opposita Vahl,” Phytotherapy Research, Vol. 13, No. 5, 1999, pp. 425-426.
[11] B. T. Ngadjui, F. J. Ayafor, B. L. Sondengam, J. D. Connolly and D. S. Rycroft, “Hoslundin, Hoslundal, and Hoslunddiol: Three New Flavonoids from the Twigs of Hoslundia opposite (Lamiaceae),” Tetrahedron, Vol. 47, No. 22, 1991, pp. 3555-3564. doi:10.1016/S0040-4020(01)80869-3
[12] R. Salam, Z. Cheikh-Ali, C. Bories, M. Adiko M, E. Poupon and P. Champy, “Pyrone and Unusually Fu ranone-Substituted Flavones from the Leaves of Hoslun dia opposita,” Planta Medica, Vol. 78, No. 16, 2012, pp. 1777-1779.
[13] O. A. Onayade, L. Ntezurubanza, J. J. C. Scheffer and A. S. Borerheim, “Composition of the Essential Oil of Hos lundia opposita Collected in Nigeria and Rwanda,” Planta Medica, Vol. 55, No. 7, 1989, pp. 634-635. doi:10.1055/s-2006-962206
[14] M. A. Ayeodun, B. S. Adeoti, J., Setondji, F. Tchoum bougnang, J. R. Kuiate, P. H. A. Zollo, C. Menut, G. Lamaty and J. M. Bessiere, “Aromatic Plants of Tropical West Africa. XII, Essential Oils of Hoslundia opposita Vahl Growing in Benin and Cameroon,” Flavour and Fragrance Journal, Vol. 22, No. 12, 1999, pp. 1047 1054.
[15] P. H. A. Zollo, L. Biyiti, F. Tchoumbougnang, C. Menut, G. Lamaty and Ph. Bouchet, “Aromatic Plants of Tropical Central Africa. Part XXXII. Chemical Composition and Antifungal Activity of Thirteen Essential Oils from Aromatic Plants of Cameroon,” Flavour and Fragrance Journal, Vol. 13, No. 2, 1998, pp. 107-114. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199803/04)13:2<107::AID-FFJ701>3.0.CO;2-G
[16] Z. F. Tonzibo, A. Ahibo Coffy, J. C. Chalachat and Y. T. N’guessan, “Chemical Composition of Essential Oils of Hoslundia opposita Vahl. from Ivory Coast,” Flavour and Fragrance Journal, Vol. 21, No. 5, 2006, pp. 789-791. doi:10.1002/ffj.1715
[17] L. S. Chagonda and J. C. Chalchat, “The Essential Oil of Wild and Cultivated Hoslundia opposita Vahl. from Zim babwe,” Flavour and Fragrance Journal, Vol. 20, No. 2, 2005, pp. 193-195 doi:10.1002/ffj.1402
[18] L. A. Usman, M. F. Zubair, S. A. Adebayo, I. A. Oladosu, N. O. Muhammad and J. O. Akolade, “Chemical Composition of Leaf and Fruit Essential Oils of Hoslundia opposita Vahl Grown in Nigeria,” American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Science, Vol. 8, No. 1, 2010, pp. 40-43.
[19] R. P. Adams, “Identification of Essential Oils by Ion Trap Mass Spectroscopy,” Academic Press, Inc., New York, 1989.
[20] A. A. Swigar and R. M. Silverstein, “Monoterpenes,” Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc., Milwaukee, 1981.

Copyright © 2024 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

Creative Commons License

This work and the related PDF file are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.