Production of physic nut hybrid progenies and their parental in various dry land

Maftuchah  , Agus Zainudin, Hadi Sudarmo

Directorate of Research and Community Services, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang, Indonesia.
Indonesian Sweetener and Fiber Crops Research Institute (ISFCRI), Malang, Indonesia.

DOI: 10.4236/as.2013.41008                

Abstract

Hibridization is one of breeding strategy to increase productivity of crop including physic nut (Jatropha curcas Linn.). This study aimed to obtain information productivity per hectare and seed oil content of 11 numbers of physic nut hybrids and their parental in four dry lands. The research was conducted in four dry land: Kalipare-Malang, Oro-oro Pule-Kejayan Pasuruan, Kedung Pengaron-Pasuruan and Jorongan-Leces Probolinggo. The materials used in this research are the eleven result numbers of physic nut hybrids, they are SP38XHS49, SP8XHS49, SP8XSP16, SP8XSP38, SP33XHS49, SM35XHS49, SM35XSP38, IP1AXHS49, IP1AXSP38, IP1PXHS 49, IP1PXSP38, and their parental, they are HS49, SP16, SP38, SP8, SP33, SM35, IP1A, IP1P, IP3P. Observation was done during the plants’ generative phase, on the second harvest. The results showed that SP38XHS49 hybrid on Kedung Pengaron, produces the highest seeds dry weight per hectare (1170 kg/ha) with 62.33 gram of dry weight of 100 seeds and the oil content is 32.56%. The highest average of dry seed productions from all planting sites achieved on the crossing between SP38XHS49 (658.75 kg/hectare) and followed by SP8XHS49 (607.5 kg/hectare). If the comparison of the four locations, the highest average productivity of physic nut achieved on location Jorongan, Leces, Probolinggo. In general, the data proves that the hybrid result from the crossing shows the higher production level compare to their parental. The dry weight of 100 seeds produced ranged from 54.03 grams to 68.29 grams. Of all four planting sites, it shows that the highest 100 seeds dry weight achieved by the crossing between IP1P-XHS49 which is 64.63 grams. The seed oil content ranged from 27.04 to 35.24 percent. The highest average of seed oil content achieved by the crossing between SM35XSP38 (32.035%).

Keywords

Physic Nut; Jatropha curcas Linn.; Hybrids; Dry Lands; Second Harvest

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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